FII: CH 19 Key Terms
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| ageism | a form of prejudice, like racism, in which older adults are stereotyped by characteristics found in only a few members of their group
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| Alzheimers Disease | The most common degenerative neurologic illness and the most common cause of cognitive impairment; irreversible and progresses from deficits in memory and thinking skills to an eventual inability to perform even the simplest of tasks
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| cascade iatrogenesis | medical or nursing intervention can trigger a sequence of adverse events in a frail older adult; downward spiral and decline
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| delirium | a temporary state of confusion is an acute illness that can last from hours to weeks and resolve with treatment
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| dementia | refers to various organic disorders that progressively affect cognitive functioning; chronic and usually develops gradually
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| functional health | the ability to carry out usual and desired daily activities
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| gerontologic nursing | combines the basic knowledge and skills of nursing with a specialized knowledge of aging in both illness and health
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| gerontology | the scientific and behavioral study of all aspects of aging and its consequences
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| life review/reminiscence | a way for an older adult to relive and restructure life experiences and is part of achieving ego integrity
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| middle adult | years are generally considered to be ages 40-65; period of gradual, individualized changes in both physical and psychosocial dimensions
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| older adult | person older than 65 years of age
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| polypharmacy | the use of many medications at the same time; poses hazards for older adults
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| reality orientation | involves interventions to redirect the patients attention to what is real in the environment
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| social isolation | sense of being alone and lonely as a result of having fewer meaningful relationships
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| sundowning syndrome | an older adult habitually becomes confused, restless, and agitated after dark
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| genetic theory | holds that lifespan depends to a great extent on genetic factors
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| immunity theory | focuses on the functions of the immune system
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| immunosenescence | age-associated changes in the immune system
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| cross-linkage theory | a chemical reaction that produces damage to the DNA and cell death
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| free radical theory | molecules with separated high-energy electrons, which can have adverse effects on adjacent molecules
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| young old adult | ages 60 to 74
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| middle old adult | ages 75 to 84
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| old old adult | ages 85 and older
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| sarcopenia | loss of muscle mass
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| sarcopenic obesity | muscle loss combined with an increase in body fat
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| cognition | indicates cerebral functioning including the ability to perceive and understand one's world
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| PACE | Program of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly
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| NORCs | Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities
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| REACH | Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health
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| SPICES | S-Sleep Disorders
P-Problems with eating or feeding
I-Incontinence
C-Confustion
E-Evidence of falls
S-Skin breakdown
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| ABCDE | Awakening and Breathing coordination
Careful sedation
Delirium
Early progressive mobility
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| Geriatric Depression Scale | 15 question screening tool, can be used effectively in older adults in any setting. combined with mental health assessment.
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| EAI | Elder Assesment Instrument; allows practicing nurses to screen for maltreatment in suspected cases. an interview and physical assessment
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| Geriatrics | the branch of medicine that focuses on the study of health and disease later in life
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