Bio Final Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| 7 characteristics of life | made of cells, ordered complexity, respond to external stimuli, adapted to their environment, use energy, grow and reproduce, maintain homeostasis
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| 5 causes of evolutionary change | natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, genetic drift, mutation
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| Hardy-Weinberg Equations | p+q=1
p^2+2pq+q^2=1
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| Biology | study of life
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| levels of organization | cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
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| domains of life | Eukarya, Archaea, Bacteria
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| Jean Baptise-Lamark | evolution came from traits acquired over an organisms life
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| types of comparative anatomy | homologous, analogous, vestigial
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| homologous | different function but came from the same body part on the same ancestor
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| analogous | similar function but come from different sources
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| vestigial | leftovers from ancestral needs
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| genome | all the genetic information of an organism
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| proteome | all the genetic information of an organism which codes for a protein
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| gene | information which codes for a single protein
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| gene pool | all the possible alleles for a certain gene within a population
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| allele | possible option for a gene
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| gene flow | the passage of genes in and out of a population due to immigration and emigration
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| genetic drift | large changes to the gene pool of a population due to small population size (often due to chance)
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| evolutionary fitness | an organisms ability to successfully reproduce and pass on its genetic information to offspring
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| phenotype | the physical expression of an organism's genes
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| vertical evoltuion | the passage of genetic information from generation to generation
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| horizontal evolution | the passage of genetic information within a generation
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| biological species concept | a species is a group which can interbreed and produce viable offspring. Speciation occurs whenever two populations become reproductively isolated
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| allopatric separation | separated geographically
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| sympatric speciation | distinct species within one environment
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| gradualism | evolutionary change happens slowly over millions of years
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| punctuated equilibrium | long periods of evolutionary stagnation followed by periods of intense evolution
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| phylogenetic species concept | species are groups of populations that have been evolving independently of other groups of populations. Looks at whether there are shared derived characteristics
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| types of reproductive isolation | behavioral, temporal, mechanical, gametic, ecological
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| cell theory | all living things are made of cells, cells come from other cells
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| behavioral isolation | mating rituals
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| temporal isolation | different mating seasons
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| mechanical | it doesn't fit
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| gametic | the gamete cannot form
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| ecological | they occupy different parts of their environments and so rarely interact
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| adaptive radiation | whenever a new environment with ample resources and low competition occurs, a species may evolve into many similar species, each well adapted to their environment
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| major categories of domain eukarya | plants, fungi, protists, animals
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| types of evolution | directional, stabilizing, disruptive
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| stabilizing evolution | favors the intermediate and eliminates the extremes
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| disruptive evoltuion | favors the extremes and eliminates the intermediates
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| directional evolution | favors one extreme
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| ecosystem | the biological community and the surrounding environment
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| biological community | all the populations in an environment
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| polypoloidy | having three or more sets of chromosomes
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| Jean Baptise-Lamark's theory | acquired trait inheritance
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