cell cycle, mitosis
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| cell cycle | process of cellular reproduction including cell growth and division; three main stages: interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis
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| interphase | first stage of the cell cycle during which a cell grows, matures and replicates its DNA. Longest phase.
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| mitosis | second phase of cell cycle in which the cell's duplicated DNA divides into two; nuclear division.
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| cytokinesis | 3rd stage of the cell cycle in which the cell's cytoplasm divides creating a new cell.
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| chromosome | Condensed DNA containing structure that carries genetic material. Appears during cell division
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| chromatin | relaxed form of DNA in the nucleus of a cell.
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| prophase | first stage of mitosis during which the cell's chromatin condenses into chromosomes.
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| sister chromatid | structure that contains identical DNA copies. Each half of the "X" joined at the centromere.
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| centromere | cell structure that joins two sister chromatids (narrow waist)
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| spindle apparatus | structure made of spindle fibers, centrioles that moves and organizes chromosomes during cell division.
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| metaphase | second stage of mitosis in which sister chromatids are lined up at the cell's equator (center).
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| anaphase | third stage of mitosis in which sister chromatids are pulled apart toward the opposite poles of the cell.
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| telophase | last stage of mitosis in which nucleoli reappear and nuclear membranes begin to form. Cell is not completely divided yet.
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| cyclins and kinases | proteins and enzymes that regulate the cell cycle.
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| cancer | uncontrolled cell growth
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| carcinogen | cancer-causing substance
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| apoptosis | programmed cell death
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| stem cell | an unspecialized cell that can become specialized under certain conditions
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