Meds key words
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Absorbtion | Process by which drugs are transferred from the site of entry into the body to the bloodstream.
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Adverse drug effect | Undesirable effects other than the intended theraputic effect of a drug.
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Allergic effect | Immune system response that occurs when the body interprets an administered drug as a foreign substance and forms a antibodies against the drug.
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Ampule | Glass flask containing a single dose of medication for parenteral administration.
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Anaphylactic reaction/Anaphylaxis | Severe reaction occurring immediately after exposure to a drug; characterized by respiratory distress and vascular collapse.
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Antagonist effect | Combined effect of two or more drugs that produces less than the effect of each drug alone.
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Capsule | Powder or gel form of an active drug in a gelatinous container; may also be called a liquigel.
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Cumulative effect | Condition that occurs when the body cannot metabolize a drug before additional doses are administered.
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Distribution | Movement of drugs by the circulatory system to the site of action.
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Drug tolerance | Tendency of the body to become accustomed to a drug over time; larger doses are required to produce the desired effects.
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Elixir | Medication in a clear liquid containing water, alcohol, sweeteners, and flavors.
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Enteric coated | A tablet or pill coated to prevent stomach irritation.
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Excretion | Removal of a drug from the body.
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Extended release | Preparation of a medication that allows for slow and continuous release over a predetermined period; may also be referred to as CR or CRT, SR, SA, LA or TR.
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Generic name | Name assigned by the manufacturer who first develops a drug; it is often derived from the chemical name.
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Half-life | The amount of time it takes for half a dose of a drug to be eliminated from the body.
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Idiosyncratic effect | (Paradoxical effect), is any unusual or peculiar response to a drug that may manifest itself by overresponse, underresponse, or even the opposite of the expected response.
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Inhalation | Administration of a drug in solution via the respiratory tract.
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Intradermal injection | Injection placed just below the epidermis.
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Intramuscular injection | An injection into deep muscle tissue, usually of the buttock, thigh or upper arm.
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Intravenous route | Injection of a solution into the vein.
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Liniment | Medication mixed with alcohol, oil or soap, which is rubbed on the skin.
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Lotion | Drug particles in a solution for topical use.
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Lozenge | Troche-Small oval, round, or oblong preparation containing a drug in a flavored or sweetened base, which dissolves in the mouth and releases the medication.
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Metabolism | Breakdown of a drug to an inactive form; also referred to as biotransformation.
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Mini-infusion pump | Battery-operated pump for intermittent infusion allowing medication mixed in a syringe to be connected to the primary line and delivered by mechanical pressure applied to the syringe plunger.
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Official name | Name by which a drug is identified in official publications.
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Ointment | Unction-Semisolid preparation containing a drug to be applied externally.
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Parenteral | Outside of intestines or alimentary canal; popularly used to refer to injection routes.
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Peak level | Highest plasma concentration of a drug.
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Pharmacodynamics | Process by which drugs alter cell physiology and affect the body.
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Pharmacology | Study of actions of chemicals on a living organisms.
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Pharmacotherapeutic | Dynamic that achieves the desired therapeutic effect of the drug without causing other undesirable effects.
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Piggy back delivery system | Intermittent IV administration of medications through a primary IV line, with the additive container positioned higher than the primary IV solution.
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Pill | Mixture of powdered drug with a cohesive material; may be round or oval.
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Placebo | Latin word for "I shall please"; an inactive substance that gives satisfaction to the person using it.
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PRN order | "as needed" order for medication.
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Solution | A drug dissolved in another substance.
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Spansules | Capsules containing medicines, coated with materials having slow dissolving rates so that the medicine is delivered at a time after the capsule is taken.
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STAT order | Single order carried out immediately.
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Subcutaneous injection | Injection into the subcutaneous tissue that lies between the underlying tissues of the body.
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Suppository | oval or cone-shaped substance that is inserted into a body cavity and that melts at body temperature.
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Suspension | Finely divided, undissolved particles in a liquid medium; should be shaken before use.
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Synergistic effect | Combined effect of two or more drugs is greater than the effect of each drug alone.
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Syrup | Medication combined in a water and sugar solution.
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Tablet | Small, solid dose of medication, compressed or molded; may be any color, size or shape; enteric coated tablets are coated with a substance that is insoluble in gastric acids to reduce gastric irritation by the drug.
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Teratogenic | Known to have potential to cause developmental defects in the embryo or fetus.
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Therapeutic range | That concentration of drug in the blood serum that produces the desired effect without causing toxicity.
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Topical application | Application of a substance directly to a body surface.
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Toxic effect | Specific groups of symptoms related to drug therapy that carry risk for permanent damage or death.
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Trade name | Drug name selected and trademarked by the company marketing the drug; also called brand name or proprietary name.
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Transdermal patch | Unit dose of medication applied directly to skin for diffusion through the skin and absorption into the bloodstream.
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Trough level | The point when a drug is at its lowest concentration.
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Vial | Glass bottle with self-sealing stopper through which medication is removed; may be single or multiple dose.
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Volume-control administration set | Intermittent intravenous medication infusion diluted with a small amount of solution.
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Z-Track technique | Technique used to administer medications intramuscularly that ensures that the medication does not leak back along the needle track and into the subcutaneous tissue, reducing pain and discomfort.
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