WGU Ethics II 2/2009
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| People are naturally competitive and need government to contain their natural strive for security. | show 🗑
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| show | Utilitarianism
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| show | Weaknesses of Utilitarianism
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| show | Strengths of Utilitarianism
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| show | Jewish Law
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| show | Judaism
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| show | Christ Against Culture
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| Christianity which casts a gospel glow over the existing order and hardly challenges it. | show 🗑
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| show | Christ and Culture in Paradox
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| show | Christ Above Culture
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| Seeks to influence but not necessarily control institutions. | show 🗑
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| show | Gandhian Ethics
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| perceives all ethics by reference to monastic ethics; extreme measures in the pursuit of ahisma or non-injury | show 🗑
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| Teaches principal of passive restraint. Founded in rigid, discriminatory class system, life affirming, rigidly authoritarian. | show 🗑
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| Name three elements that constitute the theory of natural law. | show 🗑
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| show | Divine Theory
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| Name 3 Disadvantages of Virtues as an ethical standard. | show 🗑
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| Name 3 advantages of Virtues as an ethical standard. | show 🗑
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| Aristotle said that virtue is a _____________. | show 🗑
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| What replaced Divine Law? | show 🗑
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| The right thing to do is follow the rules that rational self-interested people can agree to establish for their mutual benefit. | show 🗑
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| show | Immanual Kant's Theory
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| show | Ethical Egoism
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| Involves a virtuous way of life by its relation to happiness. | show 🗑
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| show | Earlist Known Writings
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| Theory of human nature, not an ethical theory; human nature to act out of self interest. | show 🗑
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| What are the 6 common values that all cultures share? | show 🗑
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| What is Autonomy? | show 🗑
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| show | A moral obligation that is imposed on us no matter the circumstances or our own desires.
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| Belief that morality is universal, eternal and unchanging. | show 🗑
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| What is cultural realtivism? | show 🗑
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| show | it is often quoted without context, it does not yield answers to social problems, does not provide specific moral guidance
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| Must be rational, consistent with self interest | show 🗑
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| Cultural relativism in terms of the cultural differences argument | show 🗑
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| Moral principle MUST BE Universalizable (Kant) | show 🗑
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| show | 1. eating beef2. not committing infantcide
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| show | cannot help people resolve their conflicts among their interests.incorrectly assumes all moral judgements are products of logic.claims one individuals interests are more important than the interest of others.
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| INCONSISTENT WITH KANT | show 🗑
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| show | it is wrong to treat others as tools to obtain maximum happiness,people must recognize others capacity to give or withhold consent, one should NOT strive to benefit from one's interactions with others.
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| Weaknesses of Utilitarianism | show 🗑
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| show | bases moral decisions only in the greater good, results of acts determine their goodness
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| show | Socrates
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| show | Plato
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| A person trained in all subjects but especially moral philosophy | show 🗑
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| Plato says a spirit has 3 parts, what are they? | show 🗑
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| What is the Golden Mean? | show 🗑
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| focused on plato's 4 and added Generosity,Good Temper, Friendship, Self respect, Honor, Shame, Pride, Truthfulness | show 🗑
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| Under Social Contract Theory, rulers serve by ___________________ | show 🗑
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| show | the idea of reciprocity
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| show | Constructs moral rules for harmonious living,Constructs moral rules that are in our best interests to follow, which is an added benefit, Rational people will not create rules that are too difficult or impossible to live by
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| STRENGTH of Social Contract Theory | show 🗑
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| show | No clear or consistent definition of what is a moral rule or law,Does not resolve the question as to how much are we bound by laws of society, Does not address moral claims of those outside the social contract
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| show | Empiricism
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| believed in God and the afterlife and that the pleasure or the rewards of the afterlife would balance any injustices on Earth | show 🗑
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| show | Utilitarianism
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| show | wrongly elevates pleasure above other values, ignores distributive justice, wrongly assumes that ends justify the means, requires too much calculation.
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| show | humans are not born with innate knowledge.
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| very nearly the oldest religion on record. It is the third largest religious group in the world | show 🗑
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| Beliefs like reincarnation (that a soul can be reborn into a new body after death) and karma (that the good and evil a person does will return either in this life or in a later one),vegetarians because of their belief in reincarnation | show 🗑
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| Daoism sees living by | show 🗑
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| show | Hinduism
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| show | Jainism
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| show | Gandhianism
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| show | Buddhism
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| HALAKHAH | show 🗑
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| show | Honesty in speech is always a virtue.Virtue is the mean between excess and deficiency.People need courage.No one would choose to live without friends.
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| The Divine Command Theory states that "morally wrong" means forbidden by god. What problems does this theory present? | show 🗑
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| show | examines consequences versus intentions of actions.greatest happiness for greatest number of people.yields conclusions that do not conform to common sense.
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| show | A person's rights flows from mutually beneficial constraints.
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| What supports Classical Utilitarian Theory? | show 🗑
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| show | God is in control and establishes morality.It is wrong to kill innocent people.
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| After a fair trial a person is convicted of murder. Which assertions are consistent with Bentham? | show 🗑
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| What is the main premise of the cultural differences argument for moral relativism? | show 🗑
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| show | discourages intolerance of differing moral codes, questions unreasoned assumptions about right and wrong, encourages people to separate feelings from moral judgements.
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| What is the essential revision to Simple Subjectivism offerred by emotovism? | show 🗑
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| Describe a psychological egoists interpretation of human motivation. | show 🗑
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| show |
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