Bio
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Cell | basic unit of all forms of life
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| cell theory | idea that all living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic unit of all forms of structure and function and new cells are produced from exiting cells
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| nuncleus | the center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons
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| eukaryote | organisms whose cells contain a nuclei
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| prokaryote | unicellular organism lacking nucleus
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| what are proteins assembled on? | ribosomes
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| Chloroplasts | capture light energy from sunlight and convert into chemical energy
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| organelle | specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
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| cytoplasm | material inside the cell membrane, not including the nucleus
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| nuclear envelope | material of two membranes that surround the nucleus of a cell
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| chromatin | granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
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| chromosome | threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
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| ribosome | small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein
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| nucleolus | small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of protein begins
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| endoplasmic reticulum | internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified
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| Golgi apparatus | stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
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| lysosome | cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
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| vacuole | salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
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| mitochondrion | cell organelle that converts that chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
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| chloroplast | organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy and converts into chemical energy
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| cytoskeleton | network of proteins filaments within some cells that help the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement
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| centriole | one of two structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near nuclear envelope
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| What do all cells have? | a cell membrane
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| Osmosis | the diffusion of water through a selectivity permeable membrane
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| cell membrane | thin, flexible barrier around a cell. Regulates what enters and leaves the cell
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| cell wall | strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in plants algae and some bacteria
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| lipid bilayer | double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes
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| concentration | the mass of solute in a given volume of solution or mass/volume
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| diffusion | process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are less concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
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| equilibrium | when the concentration of solute is the same throughout a solution
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| osmosis | diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
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| active transport | energy requiring process that moves materials across a cell membrane against a concentration difference
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| What is the level of organization? | individual cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems
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| cell specialization | the process in which cells develop in different ways to perform different tasks
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| tissue | group of similar cells that per for a particular functions
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| organ systems | group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
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