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Chapter 2.3/2.5

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Term
Definition
chemical reaction   process that changes one set of chemicals to another set of chemicals  
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reactants   elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction  
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product   elements or compounds produced by chemical reaction  
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activation energy   energy needed to get a reaction started  
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catalyst   substance that speeds up rate of chemical reaction  
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enzyme   proteins that act as biological catalysts (used by cells)  
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substrate   reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions  
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monomer   small compounds that combine to make polymers  
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polymers   large compounds made up of monomers  
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carbohydrates   compounds made up of C, H,, O source of energy  
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ATP adenosine triphosphate   when we break bond between phosphates we get energy  
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glucose   C6H12O6  
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monosaccharide   single sugar molecules includes galctose  
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polysccharide   large macro-molecules formed by monosccharides includes glycogen  
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lipids   made mostly from carbon and hydrogen fats oils and wax  
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nucleic acids   macro-molecules assembled form monomers known as nucleotides  
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nucleotide   monomer of nucleic acid  
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ribonucleic acid   rna contains sugar ribose (a nucleic acid)  
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deoxyribonucleic acid   contains sugar deoxyribose  
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proteins   macromolecules that contain nitrogen carbon hydrogen oxygen  
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amino acides   compunds with amino group (-NH2) on one end and carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other makes up proteins  
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