(Adv. Bio) Ch. 18 Plants & Fungi Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Plant that produces sex cells | Gametophyte
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| Wet ground made of dead, non-decaying plants | Bog
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| Plant that produces spores | Sporophyte
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| Root-like filament | Rhizoid
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| Underground fern stem | Rhizome
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| Capsule made up of spore cases | Sorus
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| Plant containing vascular tissue | Vascular Plant
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| Plant group including mosses and liverworts | Nonvascular Plant
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| The first plants to grow in new environments | Pioneer Species
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| Waxy layer on stems and leaves | Cuticle
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| Roots, cell walls of cellulose, and having many cells are examples of ________________ characteristics | Plant
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| Plants probably evolved from ____________ | Protists
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| ____________ are plants only a few cells thick | Bryophytes
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| ___________ plants are plants with vessels | Vascular
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| Nonvascular plants do not have ____________ | Leaves
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| Plants without vascular tissue are ______________ | Nonvascular
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| Plants with vascular tissue are ________________ | Ferns
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| Ferns reproduce by forming ___________ | Spores
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| ____________ are seedless vascular plants | Horsetails
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| Ferns to not have ____________ | Rhizoids
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| All plants have a life cycle with _______________ | Alternation of Generations
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| (true/false) All plants are green because of the chlorophyll they contain | False
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| (true/false) Some plants have a variety of different pigments within their cells | True
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| (true/false) Most plants have roots or root-like structures that hold them in the ground | True
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| (true/false) Some plants are capable of growing in extreme environments such as Antarctica or severely dry deserts. | True
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| (true/false) About 285,000 species of plants have been identified | True
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| (true/false) Many plants live on land, but most live in or near the water | False
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| (true/false) Without green plants, life on earth would go on as usual | False
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| _______________ are the red, yellow, and orange pigments found in plastids and in all cyanobacteria. | Carotenoids
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| (true/false) Because most plants decay before they fossilize, the fossil record has to be pieced together with several 'gaps' | True
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| ______________ are mutations in an organisms DNA that allow it to better survive in its environment | Adaptations
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| _______________ is a major problem that plants face on land | Loss of Water
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| In ____________, water molecules diffuse through a membrane from higher concentration to lower concentration | Osmosis
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| Organic compound made up of long chains of sugar molecules | Cellulose
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| Some woody plants are made up of up to _______ % cellulose | 50
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| Plants evolved from organisms that reproduced in ____________ | Water
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| ___________ plants still need water in order to reproduce | Simple
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| One advantage of living on land is there's more direct sunlight available for __________. | Photosynthesis
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| _________________ is a gas that plants use to produce food | Carbon Dioxide
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| Plants are classified into major groups called ______________ | Divisions
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| Simplest plants - mosses and liverworts - are placed in the division ________________ | Bryophyta
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| Plants in the more complex divisions of the Plant Kingdom have systems containing __________________ | Vascular Tissue
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| Club mosses are placed in the division _______________ | Lycophyta
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| Ferns are placed in the division ______________ | Pterophyta
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| All plants are many-celled and most contain a green pigment called _____________ | Chlorophyll
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| Plants range in size from tiny ___________ to the giant Sequoias | Water Ferns
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| The ending -wort, in liverworts for instance, means ____________ | Herb
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| There are approximately _______________ species of nonvascular plants | 20,000
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| _____________ are the most diverse group of simple plants | Ferns
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| The _____________ stage is the diploid stage in the moss life cycle | Sporophyte
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| The ____________ stage is the haploid stage in the moss life cycle | Gametophyte
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| When the male and female sex cells unite, a ____________ forms | Zygote
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| Mosses also reproduce _____________, when new moss plants develop when a small piece of the parent plant breaks off. | Asexually
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| In vascular plants,like ferns, the sporophyte and gametophyte (do/do not) depend on one another | Do Not
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| In nonvascular plants, like mosses, the sporophyte and gametophyte (do/do not) depend on one another for water and nutrients | Do
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| ______________ are often the first species to grow in a new environment or a recently disturbed environment | Mosses
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| The grow of mosses and liverworts begins the _________________ process, slowly turning rocks into new soil. | Weathering
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| Seedless vascular plants differ from other vascular plants because the produce ____________ rather than seeds | Spores
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| __________________ can grow bigger and thicker because each cell gets water and nutrients through vascular tissue. | Vascular Plants
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| There are about 12000 species of ___________ are known | Ferns
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| In the Paleozoic era, some species of horsetails grew ______ meters tall! | 15
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| One species of spike moss, the_____________________, adapted to desert living conditions | Resurrection Plant
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| The process by which petroleum is made takes ___________ of years | Millions
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| Bogs are made up mostly of ___________ and ferns | Bryophytes
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| _______________ is the common name for the Horsetail | Equisetum
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| The leaf of a fern is called a ________ | Frond
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| The gametophyte, ___________, of a fern produces sex cells that unite to from the zygote | Prothallus
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| Ferns have ___________, stems, and roots | Leaves
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| Composes the cell walls of plants | Cellulose
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| All plants are ... | Eukaryotes
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| Scientists think that plants evolved directly from the __________ kingdom | Protist
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| Mosses and liverworts are... | Bryophytes
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| Nonvascular plants lack stems, roots, and _____________ | Leaves
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| Moss plants are held in place by threads made up of only a few long cells called | Rhizoids
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| The first plants to grow in new environments are most often... | Mosses
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| Ferns are the most abundant of the ___________ plants | Seedless Vascular
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| ____________ have unique jointed stem structures | Horsetails
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| Peat is actually the earliest stage of _______ | Coal
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| The ______________ is an adaptation to prevent the plant cells from drying out. | Cell Wall
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| Spores are produced by the process of ___________ | Meiosis
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| The threadlike structure produced when a haploid spore lands on wet soil or rocks and germinates is called a ________________ | Protonema
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| The ________________ produces both male and female sex cells | Gametophyte
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| When gametes unite they form a(n) ____________ | Zygote
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