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Plants/Fungi
(Adv. Bio) Ch. 18 Plants & Fungi Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Plant that produces sex cells | Gametophyte |
| Wet ground made of dead, non-decaying plants | Bog |
| Plant that produces spores | Sporophyte |
| Root-like filament | Rhizoid |
| Underground fern stem | Rhizome |
| Capsule made up of spore cases | Sorus |
| Plant containing vascular tissue | Vascular Plant |
| Plant group including mosses and liverworts | Nonvascular Plant |
| The first plants to grow in new environments | Pioneer Species |
| Waxy layer on stems and leaves | Cuticle |
| Roots, cell walls of cellulose, and having many cells are examples of ________________ characteristics | Plant |
| Plants probably evolved from ____________ | Protists |
| ____________ are plants only a few cells thick | Bryophytes |
| ___________ plants are plants with vessels | Vascular |
| Nonvascular plants do not have ____________ | Leaves |
| Plants without vascular tissue are ______________ | Nonvascular |
| Plants with vascular tissue are ________________ | Ferns |
| Ferns reproduce by forming ___________ | Spores |
| ____________ are seedless vascular plants | Horsetails |
| Ferns to not have ____________ | Rhizoids |
| All plants have a life cycle with _______________ | Alternation of Generations |
| (true/false) All plants are green because of the chlorophyll they contain | False |
| (true/false) Some plants have a variety of different pigments within their cells | True |
| (true/false) Most plants have roots or root-like structures that hold them in the ground | True |
| (true/false) Some plants are capable of growing in extreme environments such as Antarctica or severely dry deserts. | True |
| (true/false) About 285,000 species of plants have been identified | True |
| (true/false) Many plants live on land, but most live in or near the water | False |
| (true/false) Without green plants, life on earth would go on as usual | False |
| _______________ are the red, yellow, and orange pigments found in plastids and in all cyanobacteria. | Carotenoids |
| (true/false) Because most plants decay before they fossilize, the fossil record has to be pieced together with several 'gaps' | True |
| ______________ are mutations in an organisms DNA that allow it to better survive in its environment | Adaptations |
| _______________ is a major problem that plants face on land | Loss of Water |
| In ____________, water molecules diffuse through a membrane from higher concentration to lower concentration | Osmosis |
| Organic compound made up of long chains of sugar molecules | Cellulose |
| Some woody plants are made up of up to _______ % cellulose | 50 |
| Plants evolved from organisms that reproduced in ____________ | Water |
| ___________ plants still need water in order to reproduce | Simple |
| One advantage of living on land is there's more direct sunlight available for __________. | Photosynthesis |
| _________________ is a gas that plants use to produce food | Carbon Dioxide |
| Plants are classified into major groups called ______________ | Divisions |
| Simplest plants - mosses and liverworts - are placed in the division ________________ | Bryophyta |
| Plants in the more complex divisions of the Plant Kingdom have systems containing __________________ | Vascular Tissue |
| Club mosses are placed in the division _______________ | Lycophyta |
| Ferns are placed in the division ______________ | Pterophyta |
| All plants are many-celled and most contain a green pigment called _____________ | Chlorophyll |
| Plants range in size from tiny ___________ to the giant Sequoias | Water Ferns |
| The ending -wort, in liverworts for instance, means ____________ | Herb |
| There are approximately _______________ species of nonvascular plants | 20,000 |
| _____________ are the most diverse group of simple plants | Ferns |
| The _____________ stage is the diploid stage in the moss life cycle | Sporophyte |
| The ____________ stage is the haploid stage in the moss life cycle | Gametophyte |
| When the male and female sex cells unite, a ____________ forms | Zygote |
| Mosses also reproduce _____________, when new moss plants develop when a small piece of the parent plant breaks off. | Asexually |
| In vascular plants,like ferns, the sporophyte and gametophyte (do/do not) depend on one another | Do Not |
| In nonvascular plants, like mosses, the sporophyte and gametophyte (do/do not) depend on one another for water and nutrients | Do |
| ______________ are often the first species to grow in a new environment or a recently disturbed environment | Mosses |
| The grow of mosses and liverworts begins the _________________ process, slowly turning rocks into new soil. | Weathering |
| Seedless vascular plants differ from other vascular plants because the produce ____________ rather than seeds | Spores |
| __________________ can grow bigger and thicker because each cell gets water and nutrients through vascular tissue. | Vascular Plants |
| There are about 12000 species of ___________ are known | Ferns |
| In the Paleozoic era, some species of horsetails grew ______ meters tall! | 15 |
| One species of spike moss, the_____________________, adapted to desert living conditions | Resurrection Plant |
| The process by which petroleum is made takes ___________ of years | Millions |
| Bogs are made up mostly of ___________ and ferns | Bryophytes |
| _______________ is the common name for the Horsetail | Equisetum |
| The leaf of a fern is called a ________ | Frond |
| The gametophyte, ___________, of a fern produces sex cells that unite to from the zygote | Prothallus |
| Ferns have ___________, stems, and roots | Leaves |
| Composes the cell walls of plants | Cellulose |
| All plants are ... | Eukaryotes |
| Scientists think that plants evolved directly from the __________ kingdom | Protist |
| Mosses and liverworts are... | Bryophytes |
| Nonvascular plants lack stems, roots, and _____________ | Leaves |
| Moss plants are held in place by threads made up of only a few long cells called | Rhizoids |
| The first plants to grow in new environments are most often... | Mosses |
| Ferns are the most abundant of the ___________ plants | Seedless Vascular |
| ____________ have unique jointed stem structures | Horsetails |
| Peat is actually the earliest stage of _______ | Coal |
| The ______________ is an adaptation to prevent the plant cells from drying out. | Cell Wall |
| Spores are produced by the process of ___________ | Meiosis |
| The threadlike structure produced when a haploid spore lands on wet soil or rocks and germinates is called a ________________ | Protonema |
| The ________________ produces both male and female sex cells | Gametophyte |
| When gametes unite they form a(n) ____________ | Zygote |
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SavannahElkins
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