7th grade biology science photosynthesis and cellular respiration
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| What organelles are found only in plant cells that carry out photosynthesis? | Chloroplasts
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| Equation for photosynthesis in words: | carbon dioxide + water + energy = (produces) glucose and oxygen
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| Plants use 1.________ to undergo photosynthesis to produce 2.___________. | 1. Light energy
2. Glucose
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| When plants are making sugar they store some of it as 1.______ | 1. Starch
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| What is the starch broken down into when the sugar needs to be retrieved? | Simple glucose
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| What is the process in which light energy is converted to chemical energy and used to produce glucose? | Photosynthesis
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| What organelle is found in plant and animal cells and carries out cellular respiration? | Mitochondria
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| What are the raw materials for cellular respiration? | Glucose and Oxygen
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| What are the raw materials for photosynthesis? | Carbon dioxide, water, and energy
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| What are the products of photosynthesis? | Glucose and Oxygen
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| What are the products of cellular respiration? | Carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
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| Excess glucose is stored in the 1._______ as 2.___________. | 1.Liver
2.Glycogen
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| What happens when you consume so many extra carbohydrates? | You body stores more and more glucose and all your glycogen can turn into fat.
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| What are the three types of carbohydrates? | Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
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| The type of compound depends on what? | How many carbon atoms it has
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| How many carbon atoms do monosaccharides consist of? | 3-7
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| How many carbon atoms do disaccharides consist of? | 6-14
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| What are very long chains of smaller carbohydrate molecules linked together? | Polysaccharides
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| What is the byproduct of photosynthesis? | Oxygen
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| What are the byproducts of cellular respiration? | Carbon dioxide and water
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| What is ATP? | Energy
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| What is the process called that cells can produce energy without oxygen? | Fermentation
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| If no oxygen is available, cells can obtain energy through the process of 1.___________ | Anaerobic Respiration
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| What is a common anaerobic process? | Fermentation
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| Is fermentation an efficient process? | No
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| How many ATP molecules are produced during fermentation compared to cellular respiration? | 2 rather than 36 with cellular respiration
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| What are the 2 primary types of fermentation? | Lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation
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| Cellular respiration is also known as what? | Aerobic respiration
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| What type of fermentation replaces the process of cellular respiration/aerobic respiration? | Lactic Acid Fermentation
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| Alcohol fermentation occurs in what? | Yeast and some bacteria
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| What is formed during glycolysis? | Pyruvic acid
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| What is the equation alcohol fermentation? | Glucose (produces)=Pyruvic Acids(produces)= alcohol + carbon dioxide + energy
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| What is the copying and equal separation of chromosomes? | Cell division
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| How many chromosomes do humans have? | 46
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| Cells of every organism have a specific number of what? | Chromosomes
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| When is the only time chromosomes are visible? | During cell division
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| What are chromosome pairs of the same length, centromere position, staining pattern, and gene position? | Homologous chrosomes
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| A somatic/normal body cell divides into what before it becomes too big? | 2 daughter cells
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| Each daughter cell is 1.__________ to the mother cell? | Identical
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| The daughter cell gets one complete set of genetic information during cell division and becomes identical to the mother cell. | ♥♥♥ It's true! ♥♥♥
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| What is the genetic information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next is carried by what? | Chromosomes
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| Before cell division, each chromosome is replicated and consists of 2 identical 1.________ | Sister chromatids
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| Chromosomes spend most of their time as 1._____ -long strands of DNA that are relaxed. | Chromatin
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| When cells get ready to divide, 1._________ condenses into 2.__________. | 1. Chromatin
2. Chromosomes
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| How does photosynthesis benefit heterotrophs? | It creates food they can eat
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| What happens during cellular respiration? | Glucose is broken down, releasing energy.
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| Animals store glucose as? | Starches
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| What happens during the cell cycle in order: 1. 2. 3. | 1.A cell grows
2.A cell prepares for cell division
3. It divides to form 2 identical daughter cells
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| What is the official name for the division of the nucleus? | Mitosis
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| Mitosos occurs in how many phases | 4 phases
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| List the interphase phases. | 1. G1-cell growth
2. S-DNA replication
3. G2-preperation for mitosis
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| List the events of mitosis in order. | 1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase
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