Microevolution
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| natural selection | process when organisms are better adapted into their environment tend to survive and reproduce more.
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| convergent evolution | organisms not closely related evolve similar traits and have similar environments and niches. (no common ancestor)
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| allopatric speciation | Biological populations are physically isolated by an extrinsic barrier and evolve genetic reproductive isolation, if the barrier breaks down, individuals of the population can no longer interbreed.
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| genetic drift | change in the genetic composition of a population due to random events rather than natural selection, resulting in changes in allele frequencies over time.
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| Cryptic coloration | camouflage
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| defensive adaptation | passively(hiding), actively(fleeing), cryptic coloration(camouflage)
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| polymorphism | a discontinuous genetic variation resulting in the occurrence of several different forms or types of individuals among the members of a single species.
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| warning coloration | color characteristic of a poisonous or unpalatable organism that functions as a warning against predators.
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| sexual selection | "special case" of natural selection, acts on an organism's ability to obtain or successfully reproduce with a mate. Can attract predators and interest members of the opposite sex.
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| adaptive radiation | organisms diversify rapidly into multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, creates new challenges, or opens new environmental niches.
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| mimicry | imitation of one organism from another.
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| homology | likeness in structure between parts of different organisms due to evolutionary differentiation from corresponding part in a common ancestor.
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| mutualism | both benefit.
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| commensalism | one benefits, one is not affected.
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| parasitism | predators that live on or in their hosts, usually feeding off their body tissues or fluids.
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| antibiotics resistance in bacteria (how does natural selection contribute?) | consequence of evolution through random mutation, also by applying evolutionary stress on a population. If a bacteria carries several resistance genes, multiresistant, (superbug).
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| analogous structures | convergent evolution
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| homologous structures | traits inherited by two different organisms from a common ancestor
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| vestigial structures | lost much of its ancestral function.
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| reproductive isolation | mechanisms that prevents two different species that mate from reproducing or offspring is sterile.
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| geographic isolation | a population of animals, plants, or other organisms that separated from exchanging genetic material with other organisms of the same species. By barriers, distance,natural disaster or separation.
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| behavioral isolation | Signals that attract mates to each other may be one of the most important factors in determining whether closely related species mate with each other or not.
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| latent variations | phenotypically silent DNA sequences which may be reactivated by various genetic mechanisms.
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| sterility | infertile
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| divergent evolution | diverge into two different species
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| sympatric speciation | a new species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic region.
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Created by:
tmcmichael18
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