Med. Term Ch. 6
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| ocul/o, opthalm/o, opt/o | eye
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| oculopathy | disease of the eye
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| opthalmologist | medical specialist (physician) of the eye
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| optometrist | specialist in the eye
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| lacrimo/o, dacry/o | tear
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| lacrimation | process of producing tears
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| dacryorrhea | excess tear production
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| opia, -opsia | vision.
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| hyperopia | far-sighted
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| akinetopsia | inability to see moving things
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| blephar/o | eyelid
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| blepharedema | swelling of the eyelid
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| blepharoplasty | surgical repair of the eyelid
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| sclera and the cornea. | The outermost layer of the eye is
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| sclera | white of the eye
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| cornea | clear.
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| corne/o, kerat/o | cornea
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| corneal transplant | replacement of cornea from a donor
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| keratitis | inflammation of the cornea
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| conjunctiv/o | conjunctiva
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| conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva
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| scler/o | sclera (white of the eye).
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| scleritis | inflammation of the sclera (white of the eye)
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| choroid (middle | the lens, iris, and ciliary muscles
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| iris | iris constricts and dilates to control the size of the pupil
controls the amount of light that enters the eye.
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| lens | controlled by the ciliary muscles
muscles contract to bend the lens, which bends light rays, allowing you to focus on objects.
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| retina | contains cells of the nervous system.
When light hits those cells, they are changed to electrical signals that travel along the optic nerve to the brain. The brain interprets the electrical signals as sight.
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| cycl/o | ciliary body.
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| cycloplegia | paralysis of the ciliary body
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| retin/o | retina
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| retinitis | inflammation of the retina
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| retinoscope | device that views the retina
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| ir/o, irid/o | iris.
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| iritis | inflammation of the iris
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| iridalgia | painful iris
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| vitreous humor | a thick, jelly-like fluid that fills the posterior cavity (space behind the lens) of the eye. It functions to keep the eye in a sphere-like shape and to bend light rays.
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| vitre/o | vitreous humor.
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| vitreous liquid | fluid that fills the posterior cavity of the eye
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| vitrectomy | removal of the vitreous humor
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| phac/o, phak/o | lens.
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| phacoscope | device to view the lens
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| phakitis | inflammation of the lens
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| aur/o, ot/o | ear
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| aural | pertaining to the ear
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| otoscope | device to view the ear
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| acous/o, audi/o | hearing.
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| acoustic | pertaining to sound
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| audiogram | record of hearing
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| -acusis | hearing condition
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| hyperacusis | exaggerated hearing
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| osteoacusis | conduction of sound through bones
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| outer ear | pinna and the ear canal.
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| pinna | shaped like a funnel, which helps collect sounds from the air and send them down the ear canal. the fleshy outside portion, which sits on the mastoid bone of the skull.
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| cerumin/o | earwax
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| ceruminolysis | breakdown of the earwax.
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| salping/o | ear canal
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| rhinosalpingitis | inflammation of the nose and ear canal
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| tympan/o, myring/o | ear drum.
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| tympanostomy | creation of opening in ear drum
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| myringotomy | incision into the ear drum
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| mastoid/o | mastoid process.
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| mastoiditis | inflammation of the mastoid process
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| middle ear | Incus, malleus, and stapes
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| abyrinth/o | maze
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| abyrinthitis | inflammation of the labyrinth (of the inner ear)
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| vestibul/o | entry way.
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| vestibulitis | inflammation of the vestibule (of the inner ear)
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| cochle/o | cochlea (shaped like a snail shell).
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| cochleitis | inflammation of the cochlea
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| ambiopia, diplopia | double vision
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| asthenopia | weak vision
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| amblyopia | decreased vision (i.e. lazy eye)
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| hyperopia | far sightedness
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| myopia | sightedness
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| presbyopia | decreased vision due to old age
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| hemianopsia | blindness in half of the visual field
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| scotopia | adjustment of the eye to seeing in the darkness
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| blepharoplegia | paralysis of eyelids
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| blepharospasm | involuntary contraction of eyelid
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| dacryoadenalgia | pain in the tear gland
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| dacryocystalgia | pain in the tear sac
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| dacryohemorrhea | blood in the tears
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| dacryorrhea | excessive tearing
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| xerophthalmia | dry eyes
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| ophthalmalgia | pain in the eye
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| ophthalmoplegia | paralysis of the eye
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| astigmatism | vision problem caused by fact that light rays are not focused on a single point in the back of the eye
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| corneal xerosis | dryness of the cornea
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| keratalgia | pain in the cornea
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| miosis | abnormal contraction of the pupil
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| mydriasis | abnormal dilation of the pupil
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| iridalgia | pain in the iris
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| scotoma | dark spot in the visual field
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| hyperacusis | excessively sensitive hearing
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| hypoacusis | excessively insensitive hearing
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| osteoacusis | hearing through bone
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| presbycusis | hearing loss due to old age
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| otalgia, otodynia | ear pain
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| otorrhea | discharge from the ear
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| tinnitus | ringing in the ear
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| vertigo | sensation of moving through space (while stationary)
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| ophthalmic, optic | pertaining to the eye
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| binocular | pertaining to both eyes.
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| retinal | pertaining to the retina
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| optokinetic | pertaining to movement of the eye
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| iridokinesis | pertaining to the movement of the iris
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| nasolacrimal | pertaining to the nose and ear system
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| lacrimation | pertaining to the production of tears
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| blepharedema | swelling of the eyelids
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| blepharoptosis | drooping of the eyelid
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| blepharopyrrhea | discharge of pus from the eyelid
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| ectropion | outward turning of the eyelid, away from the eye
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| entropion | inward turning of the eyelid, toward the eye
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| dacryolith | formation of stone in the tear system
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| dacryopyorrhea | discharge of pus in tears
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| strabismus | eyes deviate while looking at the same object
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| nystagmus | involuntary back-and-forth movement of the eye
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| exophthalmos | protrusion of the eyes out of the eye sockets
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| scleromalacia, keratomalacia | abnormal softening of the cornea
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| pterygium | wing-like growth of conjunctival tissue over the cornea
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| phacomalacia | softening of the lens
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| phacosclerosis | hardening of the lens
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| papilledema | swelling of the optic nerve where it enters the retina
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| otoscope | instrument to view the ear
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| salpingoscope | instrument to view the Eustachian tube
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| otoscopy | procedure for examining the ear
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| pneumatic otoscopy | procedure for examining the ear that uses air; air is “puffed” against the tympanic membrane to measure its amount of movement
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| audiometer | device that measures hearing
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| audiometry | procedure for measuring hearing
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| tympanometry | procedure for measuring the ear drum (tympanic membrane)
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| otolaryngologist | ear and throat specialist
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| otoneurologist | specialist in the nerve connections between the ear and brain
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| otorhinolaryngologist | ear, nose, and throat specialist
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| audiologist | hearing specialist
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| aural | pertaining to the ear
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| otosteal | pertaining to the bones of the ear
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| salpingopharyngeal | pertaining to the Eustachian tubes and the throat
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| ceruminoma | benign tumor of the glands that produce ear wax (cerumen)
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| ceruminosis | excessive formation of ear wax (cerumen)
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| macrotia | abnormally large ears
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| microtia | abnormally small ears
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| otopyorrhea | discharge of pus from the ears
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| otosclerosis | hearing loss to hardening of bones of the middle ear
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| tympanic perforation | hole in the ear drum (tympanic membrane)
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| tympanosclerosis | hardening of the ear drum (tympanic membrane)
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| Outer structures | eyelid, tear duct, conjunctiva
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| Outer layer | sclera, cornea
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| Middle layer | lens, iris, ciliary muscle
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| Inner layer | retina, optic nerve
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| Outer ear | ear canal, ear wax
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| Middle ear | bones, small space
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| Inner ear | cochlea, labyrinth
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| blepharitis | inflammation of the eyelid
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| blepharoconjunctivitis | inflammation of the eyelid and conjunctiva
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| dacryocystitis | inflammation of the tear sac
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| dacryoadenitis | inflammation of the tear gland
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| dacryohemorrhea | discharge of blood in the tears
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| dacryolithiasis | condition of stones in the tear system
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| dacryostenosis | narrowing of the tear duct
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| oculopathy, ophthalmopathy | eye disease
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| oculomycosis, ophthalmomycosis | fungal infection of the eye
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| ophthalmatrophy | wasting away of the eye
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| ophthalmitis | inflammation of the eye
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| ophthalmomyitis | inflammation of the eye muscles
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| trichiasis | condition in which the eye lashes grow into the eye
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| optic neuritis | inflammation of the optic nerve
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| conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva
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| keratitis | inflammation of the cornea
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| sclerokeratitis | inflammation of the sclera and cornea
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| sclerokeratoiritis | inflammation of the sclera, cornea, and iris
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| scleroiritis | inflammation of the sclera and iris
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| keratopathy | disease of the cornea
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| sclerectasia | overexpansion of the cornea
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| corneal abrasion | scratch on the cornea
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| iridopathy | disease of the iris
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| iritis | inflammation of the iris
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| aniridia | absence of iris
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| iridemia | bleeding from the iris
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| iridocyclitis | inflammation of the iris and ciliary body
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| iridokeratitis | inflammation of the iris and cornea
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| cyclokeratitis | inflammation of the ciliary body and cornea
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| aphakia | lack of lens
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| phakitis | inflammation of a lens
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| cataract | cloudiness of the lens
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| endophthalmitis | inflammation of the inside of the eye
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| retinitis | inflammation of the retina
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| retinopathy | disease of the retina
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| retinosis | condition of the retina
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| otitis externa | inflammation of the external ear
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| otomycosis | fungal infection of the ear
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| cerumen impaction | buildup of earwax blocking ear canal
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| aerotitis | inflammation of the ear due to air
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| conductive hearing loss | hear loss due to sound not getting to the middle/inner ear
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| myringitis | inflammation of the tympanic membrane
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| myringodermatitis | inflammation of the tympanic membrane and surrounding skin
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| myringomycosis | fungal infection of the tympanic membrane
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| rhinosalpingitis | inflammation of the nose and Eustachian tubes
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| vestibular neuritis | inflammation of the vestibular nerve
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| cochleitis | inflammation of the cochlea
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| acoustic neuroma | tumor of the acoustic nerve
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| sensorineural hearing loss | hearing loss due to sound being transmitted from the inner ear to the brain
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| sclerotomy |
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