GI
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| Tx of stomatitis | Swish and swallow and ANB or Antifungal
Gargle w/ mouthwash non alcoholic
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| Assessment and care of cleft palate | Visual inspection or with gloved hand
Feed in upright position
Burp frequently
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| Gerd s/s (8) | Dyspepsia
Regurgitation
Coughing
Hoarseness
Epigastric pain
Trouble swallowing /Painful swallowing'
Water brash
Wheezing at night
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| Antacids should be taken when? | One hour before eating, 2 hours after, and HS
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| Antacids should not be used for extended amount of time why? | increases LES pressure
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| S/s of liver trauma/ disease (9) | Rashes/ Dry skin
Thrombocytopenia
Fatigue
Wt. change
N/V
abd pain
liver tenderness
jaundice
bright red palms
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| Hurschsprung disease s/s (5) | Refusal to feed
Abdominal distention
Failure to thrive
Ribbon like stools
Palpable fecal mass
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| Treatment of Hurschsprungs | Colostomy
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| Colonoscopy purpose and prep | Examiniation of large bowel
Liquid diet 12-24 hours before
NPO 6 hrs before
Bowel cleanse
L side knees drawn up positioning
Abd fullness/ cramping afterward
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| Stomatitis interventions | Soft bristled toothbrushes/ foam swabs to stimulate gums and clean mouth
Mouth care q2
Frequent rinsing of mouth / baking soda or H202/NS solution
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| EGD purpose and prep | Visual exam of esophagus, stomach and duodenum
Npo 6-8 hours before
monitor for gag reflex return
May have sore throat
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| Dietary changes to decrease pain in stomatitis | Increased protein
Increased vitamin C
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| Colectomy definition and care | Removal of colon
NG tube
stoma assessment
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| Things that increase intra-abdominal pressure (6) | Pregnancy
Obesity
Abdominal distention
Ascites
Heavy lifting
Coughing
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| Three types of GERD meds | Antacids
Histamine blockers
Proton Pump inhibitors
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| Gastric bypass post-op care | Six small feedings
Push fluids
Measure abd girth
Padding between fat folds
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| Liver examination assessment | Dullness over hollow organs
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| B12 deficiency s/s | Parathesias
Jaundice
Glossitis
Pallor
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| Why is there a B12 deficiency d/t gastrectomy | Intrinsic factor secreted by gastric mucosa
Bile salts ingest B12, leaving less for the body
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| S/S of gastritis (7) | Anorexia
N/V
epigastric pain
pernicious anemia
dyspepsia
hematemesis
gastric hemmorhage
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| S/S diverticulitis | Usually no s/s
Sometimes: Low grade fever
Nausea
LLQ pain
Hx of constipation
Elevated wbc
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| Tx of diverticulitis | No barium enema d/t risk of rupture of diverticulum
ANB tx
CT; XRAY diagnosis
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| Fecal occult blood testing teaching | No raw fruit
No raw veggies
No vit C rich foods
No red meat
Anticoagulates d/c'd 7 days before
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| Normal PH of esophagus and stomach | E: 6.0-7.0
S: 1.5-2.0
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| S/s of splenomegaly | Dullness w/ percussion
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| Abd ultrasound prep | Full bladder
Fasting
Fat free meal before
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| dehydration s/s in peds pt. (7) | Tachycardia
Dry skin mucous membranes
Sunken fontanels
Coolnees/ mottling of extremities
Loss of skin elasticity
Prolonged capp refill
Decreased output
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| s/s of dehydration in adult (5) | change in mental status
fever tachycardia
decreased urine output
orthostatic hypotention
dry mucous membranes
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| why are antidiarrheals contraindicated in ped pt? | predisposal to toxic megacolon
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| Diet for post-op gastric bypass | clear liquids 1oz 24-48 hrs postop
6 weeks of liquids
advanced to reg diet after 6 weeks
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| S/S of dumping syndrome (9) | diaphoresis
dizziness
light headedness
palpitations
confusion
tachycardia
nausea
diarrhea
abd cramping
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| s/s of peritonitis (9) | decreased output; dehydration
"board like" abdomen
knee chest position
abd pain
diminished bowel sounds
inability to fart
rebound tenderness
high fever
tachycardia
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| GERD diet via diet (7) | eliminate:
chocolate
fried foods
alcohol
fatty foods
caffeine
carbonated beverages
spicy/ acidic foods
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| Lifestyle changes to control GERD (9) | 4-6 small meals daily
elevate HOB 6-12 inches
dont lie flat
no smoking
no alcohol
lose weight
loose clothing
no food 2-3 hrs before bed
eat slowly/ chew throughly
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| s/s of obstruction | abd bleeding
N/V
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| s/s PUD | Epigastric tenderness midline between umbilicus and xiphiod process
dyspepsia
H-PYLORI positive
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| Zolilnger-Elilson syndrome | Upper GI tract ulceration
Increased gastric acid secretion
Diarrhea
Hpylori negative
resection is a curative treatment
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| diagnostic test for GERD | 24 hr ambulatory esophageal PH monitoring
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| mechanical obstructions causes (10) | adhesions
appendicitis complications
fecal impaction
fibrosis
hernia
intussusception
strictures
tumors
volvulus
vascular d/o's
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| s/s of non-mechanical obstructions (5) | constant diffuse discomfort
diminished bowel sounds
distention
vomiting of gastric contents
obstipation
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| s/s of mechanical obstruction (5) | abd distention
intermittant colicky pain
obstipation
ribbon like stools
borborygymi
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| S/S of UC | UC me bloody
10-20 liquid stools
begins at rectum
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| S/S of Chrohns (7) | Cobblestones and fistulas
remissions and exacerbations
severe diarrhea
terminal ilem
5-6 loose stools (non-bloody)
malabsorption
anemia
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