SLS Bio 11 genetics PG
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| Allele | one of two or more forms of a gene that are made by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
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| autosome | any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
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| Codominance | Relationship between two versions of a cell
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| dihybrid | a hybrid that is heterozygous for alleles of two different genes.
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| dominate alele | an allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different
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| genotype | the genetic makeup of an individual organism.
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| hetrozygous | a pair of genes where one is dominant and one is recessive
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| homozygous | a pair of matching alleles, which are the two genes that control a particular trait
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| monohybrid | a hybrid that is heterozygous with respect to a specified gene.
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| multiple allele | an allele of a genetic locus having more than two allelic forms within a population.
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| phenotype | the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
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| punnet square | The Punnett square is a diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment
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| recessive allele | n an allele that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its paired allele is identical
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| sex chromozone | A type of chromosome in the genome that is involved in the determination of the sex as well as the development of sexual characteristics in an organism.
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| sex-linked trait | A trait associated with a gene that is carried only by the male or female parent.
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| test cross | It is a mating in which an individual showing a dominant phenotype is crossed with an individual showing its recessive phenotype.
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| apoptosis | a genetically regulated process leading to the death of cells and triggered by the presence or absence of certain stimuli,
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| cell cycle | The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication that makes two daughter cells
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| centreole | divides in perpendicular fashion during mitosis
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| chromere | One of the serially aligned beadlike granules of concentrated chromatin that constitutes a chromosome during the early phases of cell division.
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| chromatin | the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus, consisting of DNA, RNA, and various proteins, that forms chromosomes during cell division.
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| chromosone | Chromosomes are the things that make organisms what they are
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| crossing-over | A process occurring during meiosis wherein two chromosomes pair up and exchange segments of their genetic material.
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| cytokinesis | the physical process of cell division
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| diploid 2n chromosome number | Having two sets of chromosomes or double the haploid number of chromosomes
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| gamete | Gametes are the cells used during sexual reproduction to produce a new individual organism or zygote
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| haploid n chromosome number | Biology. pertaining to a single set of chromosomes.
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| homologous chromosone | a chromosome with the same gene sequence as another
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| meiosis | Meiosis is the process by which the nucleus divides in all sexually reproducing organisms during the production of spores or gametes.
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| mitosis | The process where a single cell divides resulting in generally two identical cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes and genetic content as that of the original cell.
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| somatic cell | one of the cells that take part in the formation of the body
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| synapsis | the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis.
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