Bacteria
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| autotroph | self feeding
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| heterotroph | other feeding
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| obligate aerobe | need oxygen
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| facultative anaerobe | can live in oxygen or oxygen free environment
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| pili | hair like structures gram negative help to stick on surfaces and conjugation bridge
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| chromosomes | single loop of DNA folded onto itself
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| nucleoid | where DNA is found
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| plasmid | small loop of DNA that contains few genes
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| capsule | found outside bacteria stores nutrients and protects from changing environmental conditions.
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| transduction | viruses carry DNA from one bacterial cell to another
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| transformation | bacteria can absorb naked DNA released by dead bacteria from the environment
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| conjugation | two bacteria join at a conjugation bridge one passes on copy of its plasmid or chromosome
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| decomposers | recycle dead organisms releasing their nutrients back to the environment for use by other organisms
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| chemosynthetic bacteria | in deep ocean vents convert hydrogen sulfide gas into energy
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| cyanobacteria | photosynthetic bacteria which act as producers in many aquatic ecosystems
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| pathogens | organisms that cause disease
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| where do bacteria live? | in or on other organisms and aid them (host)
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| what are 3 things toxins can do to you? | poison cells, damage tissues, interfere with cell signalling, and over stimulate cells
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| parasites | absorb nutrients from living organisms
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| methanogens | use oxygen and make methane as a waste product.found in swamp sediments, sewage, and buried land fills.
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| halophiles | salt-loving archaebacteria. Large numbers can turn waters dark pink. pigment used for type of photosynthesis that gives them energy but do not produce oxygen. aerobes
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| thermophiles | archaebacteria from hot springs and high temperature environments. can grow above boiling water temperature.don't use oxygen.
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| nitrogen fixing bacteria | chemosynthetic bacteria that provides all living things the nitrogen needed to make proteins and nucleic acids
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| saprobes | decomposers that release nutrients for plant growth from breaking down dead organic matter
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| when does endospore formation start? | when nutrients become limiting they start a survival strategy which is an adaptive response of the bacteria to their environment
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| pastuerization | (140 F) delicate foods to reduce bacteria numbers not kill it all
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| sterilization | high heat in the process of canning
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| refrigeration | extends shelf life
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| freezing | slows or stops multiplication of bacteria
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| salting/drying | removes water so bacteria cannot survive
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| coccus | round
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| bacillus | rod
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| spirillium | spiral
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| diplo | pair
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| strepto | chain
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| staphylo | cluster
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| toxins | substances that disrupt the metabolism of other organisms
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| endotoxin | lipids and carbs associated with the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria. strongest poisons known to man
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| exotoxin | proteins produced inside gram positive bacteria and cause fever, weakness, and capillary damage
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| antibiotics | chemicals which either kill bacteria or prevent their growth or reproduction
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| penicillin | interferes with cell wall synthesis
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| tetracycline | interferes with protein synthesis
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| sulfa drugs | antibiotics synthesized in laboratories
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| 5 ways antibiotics can attack bacteria | damage the cells walls, damage the cell membrane, prevent protein synthesis, prevent DNA from being copied, and interfere with bacterial metabolism
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| do antibiotics affect viruses? | no
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Created by:
edenbreslauer
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