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Sociollogy class

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Question
Answer
Median   Is a mid-point in a given list of data  
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Mean   One must add up the numerical value of each response and divide it by the total # of respondents. "Average'  
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Mode   Is a # that occurs Most FreQuently in a given set of data.  
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Variable   A characteristic or factor that can Change or vary, from one indiviual, group or situation to another.  
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Questionaire Research   A list of closed- ended questions that respondents are asked to fill out.  
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Longitudinal Study   Research that is conducted over an extended period of time. Ex: divorced parents and the effect on the children  
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Data   Information that needs Statistical Interpretation.  
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Negative   Whenone variable increases, and a second varible decreases. 'Inverse"  
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Participant Observation   In this stituation the Reseacher becomes involved in the activities of their subjects, while observing what is happening in that setting.  
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Generalization   Is a statement about the recurrent relationships between particular variables. It is often accuarte,but not specific to whom it applies too. Ex:Some Students will recieve A-F, but do not WHO will get them  
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Personal Interview   A form of research Conversation in which a specfic list of questions are asked of the respondent. Ex: Verbal w/a detail response  
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Hypothesis   A prediction about the outcome of manipulated variables. Predictions from a Therory  
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Sample   A portion of indiviuals from among your Target Population used to generalize the attitudes of society as a whole.  
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Analysis   The process of interpreting data usally through Statistical Measurements.  
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Probabilty   Argues that generalizations will hold good only under specific conditions, because if Circumstances Change, other variables might come into play and influence the exsiting relationship.  
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Research Method   A 7 step-process that sociologists use to collect dats.  
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Hawthorne Effect   Occurs when a subject Behavior Changes, when they know they are being observed or evaluated. Ex: trying to impress your boss  
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Natuarlistic Observation   In this method the researcher observes their subjects at a distance w/out revealing their identity or intentions.  
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Random Sample   This method id designed to ensure that each subject has an Equal Chance of being selected into a research study. Ex: Lottery  
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Causation   Occurs when one variable Influences the Outcome of a second variable. Ex: smoking causes lung cancer  
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Independent Variable   This is the variable that is Manipulated by researchers to determine its influence on the outcome of the second set of variables."Cause or Reason" Ex: Abuse-therapy or homework, test  
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Spurious   This occurs when both variables appear to be Statistically related, but not Logically acceptable. Ex:A causes B, B causes A, C causes Both A and B (unseen variable C)  
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Experiment   This is the process of Scientific Analysis in which independent variables are introduced, to determine their effect on other variables. Control & Experiment groups are treated diffrently to see the outcome  
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Dependent Variable   This is the Outcome of manipulated variables, which is then Measured by researchers to detrmine its Overall Significance. "Effect" Ex: Your Final Grade  
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Correlations   Are the established Statistical Relationships between particular variables.  
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Created by: Kimberlee
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