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Research Methods
Sociollogy class
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Median | Is a mid-point in a given list of data |
| Mean | One must add up the numerical value of each response and divide it by the total # of respondents. "Average' |
| Mode | Is a # that occurs Most FreQuently in a given set of data. |
| Variable | A characteristic or factor that can Change or vary, from one indiviual, group or situation to another. |
| Questionaire Research | A list of closed- ended questions that respondents are asked to fill out. |
| Longitudinal Study | Research that is conducted over an extended period of time. Ex: divorced parents and the effect on the children |
| Data | Information that needs Statistical Interpretation. |
| Negative | Whenone variable increases, and a second varible decreases. 'Inverse" |
| Participant Observation | In this stituation the Reseacher becomes involved in the activities of their subjects, while observing what is happening in that setting. |
| Generalization | Is a statement about the recurrent relationships between particular variables. It is often accuarte,but not specific to whom it applies too. Ex:Some Students will recieve A-F, but do not WHO will get them |
| Personal Interview | A form of research Conversation in which a specfic list of questions are asked of the respondent. Ex: Verbal w/a detail response |
| Hypothesis | A prediction about the outcome of manipulated variables. Predictions from a Therory |
| Sample | A portion of indiviuals from among your Target Population used to generalize the attitudes of society as a whole. |
| Analysis | The process of interpreting data usally through Statistical Measurements. |
| Probabilty | Argues that generalizations will hold good only under specific conditions, because if Circumstances Change, other variables might come into play and influence the exsiting relationship. |
| Research Method | A 7 step-process that sociologists use to collect dats. |
| Hawthorne Effect | Occurs when a subject Behavior Changes, when they know they are being observed or evaluated. Ex: trying to impress your boss |
| Natuarlistic Observation | In this method the researcher observes their subjects at a distance w/out revealing their identity or intentions. |
| Random Sample | This method id designed to ensure that each subject has an Equal Chance of being selected into a research study. Ex: Lottery |
| Causation | Occurs when one variable Influences the Outcome of a second variable. Ex: smoking causes lung cancer |
| Independent Variable | This is the variable that is Manipulated by researchers to determine its influence on the outcome of the second set of variables."Cause or Reason" Ex: Abuse-therapy or homework, test |
| Spurious | This occurs when both variables appear to be Statistically related, but not Logically acceptable. Ex:A causes B, B causes A, C causes Both A and B (unseen variable C) |
| Experiment | This is the process of Scientific Analysis in which independent variables are introduced, to determine their effect on other variables. Control & Experiment groups are treated diffrently to see the outcome |
| Dependent Variable | This is the Outcome of manipulated variables, which is then Measured by researchers to detrmine its Overall Significance. "Effect" Ex: Your Final Grade |
| Correlations | Are the established Statistical Relationships between particular variables. |
Created by:
Kimberlee
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