molecules of life
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| carbohydrate | organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of about one carbon atom to two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atom
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| monosaccharide | simple sugar
contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio 1:2:1
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| disaccharide | in living things, two monosaccharides can combine in a condensation reaction to form a double sugar
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| polyaccharide | a complex molecule composed of three or more monosaccharided
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| protein | organic ompounds composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
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| amino acid | links of monomers that form proteins
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| peptide bond | the two amino acids that form a covalent bond in a condensation reaction
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| polypeptide | very long chains formed from amino acids
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| enzymes | RNA or protein molecules that act as biological catalysts
are essential for the functioning of any cell
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| substate | the reactant being catalyzed
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| active site | folds in the enzyme with a shape that allows the substrate to fit into the active site
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| lipid | large nonpolar organic molecules. they include waxes and steroids
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| fatty acid | unbranched carbon chains that make up most lipids
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| phospholipid | two, rather tahn three, fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol
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| wax | a type of structural lipid consisting of a long fatty-acid chain joined to a long alcohol chain
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| steroid | these molecules are composed of four fused rings with various functional groups attached to them
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| nucleic acid | very large and complex organic molecules that store and transfer important information in the cell
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| deoxyridonnucleic acid (DNA) | contains information that determines the characteristics of an organism and directs its cell activities
polymer
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| ribonucleic acid (RNA) | stores and transfers information from DNA that is essential for the manufacturing of proteins.
can also act as enzymes
polymer
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| nucleotide | made of three main components: a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a ring-shaped nitrogenous base
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