Chapter 3.2 Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Carbohydrate | organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of about one carbon atom to two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atom
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| Monosaccharide | a monomer of a carbohydrate
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| Disaccharide | when two monosaccharaides in living things combine in a condensation reaction to form double sugar
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| Polysaccharide | a complex molecule composed of three or more monosaccharaides
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| Protein | organic compounds composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
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| Amino Acid | when proteins are formed from the linkage of monomers called this
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| Peptide Bond | when two amino acids form a covalent bond called this
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| Polypeptide | very long chains that amino acids often form
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| Enzyme | RNA or protein molecules that act as biological catalysts, which is essential for the functioning of any cell
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| Substrate | the reactant being catalyzed
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| Active Site | folds of an enzyme
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| Lipid | large, nonpolar organic molecules
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| Fatty Acid | un-branched carbon chains that make up most lipids
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| Phospholipid | two, rather than three fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol
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| Wax | a type of structural lipid consisting of a long fatty-acid chain joined to a long alcohol chain
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| Steroid | molecules that are composed of four fused carbon rings with various functional groups attached to them
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| Nucleic Acid | very large and complex organic molecules that store and transfer important information in the cell
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| Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | contains information that determines the characteristics of an organism and directs its cell activities
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| Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) | stores and transfers information from DNA that is essential for the manufacturing of proteins; can also act as enzymes
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| Nucleotide | thousands of linked monomers that make up the polymers DNA and RNA; made of three main components: phosphate group, five-carbon sugar, and a ring-shaped nitrogenous base
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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