Ch3-Biology
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| Any abiotic factor or biotic factor that restricts the numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms is called a(n) _________. | limiting factor
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| This biome is cold and dark most of the year, and extends in a band below that polar ice caps | Tundra
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| Latitudes range from ____° at the equator to ___° at the poles. | 0 , 90
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| A biome that supports fertile soil that is able to support thick cover of grasses and is prone to drought, fires, and raising grazing animals which all prevent the widespread growth of trees | temperate grassland
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| An ecosystem that is formed when freshwater merges with saltwater | estuary
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| The deepest region of the ocean is called the _______ ________. | abyssal zone
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| The establishment of a community in an area of exposed rock that does not have any topsoil is ______ ______ | primary succession
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| The ____ ______ is the open water area (of a lake or pond) that is well lit and dominated by plankton. | limnetic zone
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| Lack of iron in the photic zone of the open ocean restricts the size of plankton populations. Iron is what kind of factor for marine plankton? | limiting
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| Where is the largest percentage of water located? | Oceans
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| The name for the large geographic areas with similar climax communities | Biomes
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| This biome has four well-defined seasons, is south of the boreal forests, and is home to squirrels, rabbits, birds, deer, etc. | Temperate forest
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| The approximate percentage of earth's freshwater contained in glaciers is _________ | 69%
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| In which zone would you find floating aquatic plants | littoral zone
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| True or False: Few animal species live in a fast flowing river because currents prevent the accumulation of most organic matter. | True
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| Which zone supports the greatest variety of coral reef ecosystems? | Photic
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| This land biome contains the greatest species diversity | Tropical rain forest
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| This region borders the tundra at high latitudes and is cold all year | Polar regions
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| Abiotic conditions change here with increasing altitudes | mountains
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| Any area in which the annual rate of evaporation exceeds the rate of precipitation | desert
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| Grasses and scattered trees in climates that receive less precipitation than some other tropical areas | Tropical savanna
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| Characterized by fertile soils able to support thick cover of grasses | Temperate grasslands
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| Composed mostly of deciduous trees | Temperate forest
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| Mixed trees and shrub communities found in areas with less annual rainfall than in temperate forests | Temperate woodlands
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| Resembles the temperate deciduous forest because during the dry season, almost all of the trees drop their leaves to conserve water | Tropical seasonal forest
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| Usually located south of the tundra, broad band of dense evergreen forest | boreal forest
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| Treeless biome with layer of permanently frozen soil below the surface called the permafrost | Tundra
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| _________is the condition of the atmosphere at a specific place and time. | Weather
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| Areas of land such as marshes, swamps, and bogs, that are saturated with water and support aquatic plants are called _______ | wetlands
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| The ________ _______ is what warms the earth's surface and allows for a suitable environment for life. | greenhouse effect
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| _____________ is the material that is deposited by water, wind, or glaciers. | sediment
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| The average weather conditions in an area, including temperature and precipitation, describe the area's ________ | climate
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| _________ _______ form natural borders along continents that protect shorelines from erosion | coral reefs
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| The distance of any point on the surface of the earth north or south of the equator is _______ | latitude
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| The ______ ______ is a protective layer in the atmosphere that absorbs most of the harmful UV radiation from the sun | ozone layer
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| __________ is the ability of any organism to survive when subjected to abiotic or biotic factors. | Tolerance
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| Biomes are classified primarily according to the characteristics of their ______ | plants
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| The stable, mature community that results when there is little change in the composition of species is a ______ _______ | climax community
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| Shallow enough for sunlight to penetrate; also called the euphotic zone | Photic zone
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| The area closest to the shore; it is shallow and allows sunlight to reach the bottom | Littoral zone
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| A narrow band where the ocean meets land; divided into four vertical zones | Intertidal zone
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| The open water area that is well lit and dominated by plankton | Limnetic zone
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| Deepest region of the ocean | Abyssal zone
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| Deepest areas of a large lake; colder and lower in oxygen | Profundal zone
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| Area where sunlight is unable to penetrate, below that photic zone | Aphotic zone
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| Area along the ocean floor that consists of sand, silt, and dead organisms | Benthic zone
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