Japanese for Busy People I - Particles
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Watashi ( ) Sumisu desu. | wa - topic marker
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| Sumisu-san ( ) ashita Kyooto ni ikimasu. | wa - topic marker
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| Nozomi Depaato ( ) Tanaka desu. | no - belonging, affiliation (I'm Tanaka with Nazomi Dept. Store)
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| Watashi ( ) meishi desu. | no - my or mine (my business card)
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| Watashi ( ) desu. | no - my or mine (mine)
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| Nihon ( ) kuruma desu. | no - country or origin (Japanese camera)
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| Kyooto ( ) shisha ni ikimashita. | no - belonging, affiliation (Kyoto branch office)
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| Teeburu ( ) ue ni hana to shimbun ga arimasu. | no - placement (on top of the table)
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| Raishuu ( ) kin-yoobi ni Nihon ni kimasu. | no - used to connect two points of time (next Friday)
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| Kaigi ( ) ato de Sapporo-shisha ni ikimasu. | no - used with before and after (before the meeting)
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| Tsugi ( ) shingoo o migi ni magatte kudasai. | no - used for directions for next (next traffic light)
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| Tomodachi ( ) Hofuman-san ni moraimashita. | no - appositve (my friend Ms. Hoffman)
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| Watashi ( ) sukina iro desu. | no - my or mine (my favorite color)
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| Sumisu-san wa Amerika-jin desu ( )? | ka - question marker
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| Bengoshi desu ( ), enjinia desu ( )? | ka - question marker
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| Donata desu ( )? | ka - question marker
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| Soo desu ( ). | ka - (is that so?)
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| 10-ji ( ) desu. (opening time) | kara - opens, from (opens at 10:00)
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| Honkon ( ) imashita. | kara - from (from Hong Kong)
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| Tookyoo ( ) Nikkoo made densha de 1-jikan han kakarimasu. | kara - from, travel time (from Tokyo to Nikko)
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| 2-kai ni resutoran ga arimasu ( ), resutoran de shokuji o shimasen ka. | kara - because (used at the end of the first clause where the second clause expresses the reason why)
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| 8-ji ( ) desu. (closing time) | made - closes, until (closes at 8:00)
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| 10-ji kara 8-ji ( ) desu. | made - until (opens from 10am until 8pm)
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| Sore ( ) kudasai. | o - direct object marker (I'll take that one)
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| Kabuki ( ) mimasu. | o - direct object marker (I watch Kabuki)
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| Benkyoo ( ) shimasu. | o - connects nouns with verbs (I did studying)
used with mimasu, yomimasu, nomimasu, kaimasu, etc.
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| Tsugi no shingoo ( ) migi ni magatte kudasai. | o - particle indicating a point of passage, before L/R (Next stop light turn right please.)
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| Are ( ) 3000-en desu. (also) | mo - too, also, either; used in both affirmative and negative senences (That one is also 3,000 yen.)
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| Sampuru no shashin ( ) okutte kudasai. (more) | mo - another request for more (Also, please send photographs of the samples.)
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| Teeburu no ue ni nani ( ) arimasen. | mo - "nothing" when in between nani (what) and arimasen (does not exist) (There is nothing on top of the table.)
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| Hitori ( ) kimasu ka. | hitori de - alone, by one person
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| Takushii ( ) kimashita. | de - by, means of conveyance (I came by taxi.)
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| Sumisu-san wa kinoo resutoran ( ) ban-gohan o tabemashita. | de - at, location where an action takes place (Yesterday, Mr.Smith ate dinner at a restaurant.
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| Do-yoobi ni Asakusa ( ) o-matsuri ga arimasu. | de - at, the place where an event happens (usually paired with arimasu) (I'll be going on Saturday to a festival at Asakusa).
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| Sumisu-san wa kinoo paatii no ato ( ) takushii de kaerimashita. | de - after (phrase no ato de)
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| Katarogu o sugu meeru ( ) okutte kudasai. | de - by, means of telecommunication or post (paired with okurimasu) (Please send me the catalogue by email right away.)
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| Chan-san wa kinoo tomodachi ( ) resutoran ni ikimashita. | to - with, together with (Ms. Chan went to a restaurant with a friend yesterday.)
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| Teeburu no ue ni shimbun ( ) hana ga arimasu. (and) | to - and; used with non-animate things/ arimasu (The newspaper and flowers are on top of the table.)
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| Dono densha ( ) ikimasu ka. | ga - subject marker used to state a thing or person exists in a particular location
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| 1-kai ni ginkoo ( ) arimasu. | ga - subject marker used to state a thing or person exists in a particular location.
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| Uketsuke ni onna no hito ( ) imasu. | ga - subject marker used to state a thing or person exists in a particular location.
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| Moshimoshi, Chan desu ( ), ohayoo gozaimasu. | ga - conjunction that joins two clauses. A courteous hesitation indicating the phrase before is merely preliminary to the principal matter.
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| Sumisu-san wa ashita ginkoo ( ) ikimasu. | ni - to; indicates a direction of movement, used with verbs ikimasu, kimasu, kaerimasu.
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| Hikooki wa 10-ji han ni Sapporo ( ) tsukimasu. | ni - at; indicates point of arrival or a location toward which an action such as going, coming, entering, or boarding is directed.
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| 3-gatsu 26-nichi ( ) Igirisu kara kimashita. | ni - on; used with specfic time expressions
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| Uketsuke ( ) onna no hito ga imasu. | ni - at; existence in or at a place is indicated by the particle ni.
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| Sumisu-san wa ashita tomodachi ( ) aimasu. | ni - at, on, in; as an object marker, indicates a person or thing an action is directed at.
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| Sumisu-san wa tomodachi( ) denwa o shimasu. | ni - as an object marker, indicates receiver or an action.
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| Chan-san wa Sumisu-san ( ) hana o moraimashita. | ni - to; indicating giver/receiver
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| Kaban no naka ni kagi ( ) hon ga arimasu. (more than 2 things) | ya - and; used when listing two or more things or implying the existence of others.
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| Kaigi wa 3-ji kara desu ( ). | ne - comes at the end of the sentence or phrase and is like "isn't it?" in English
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| Nihon no supa desu ( ). | yo - particle used at the end of the sentence to call attetion to information the speaker thinks the other person doesn't know.
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Created by:
Nolin
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