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Cell Cycle/Mitosis

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Term
Definition
Centromere   the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis.  
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Gamete   A haploid reproductive cell, formed during meiosis, that can combine with another haploid reproductive cell to form a diploid zygote.  
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meiosis   A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells  
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Mitosis   In eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes.  
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sexual reproduction   reproduction in which gametes from two parents unite.  
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anaphase   3rd phase; the chromatids of each chromosome separate at the centromere and move in opposite  
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cell cycle   a repeating sequence of cellular growth and division during the life of an organism.  
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Centriole   Cell organelle that aids in cell division in animal cells only, organizes the assembly of the spindles.  
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cytokinesis   The final stage of the cell cycle, in which the cell's cytoplasm divides, distributing the organelles into each of the two new cells, producing 2 genetically identical cells.  
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G1 phase   1st growth phase, stage of interphase in which cell grows rapidly and performs its normal functions, cell decides if it is going to divide  
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G2 phase   2nd growth phase, Cell grows and prepares for mitosis  
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interphase   Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases  
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metaphase   Centromeres of duplicated chromosomes are aligned at plate. Fully formed spindle attach to the sister chromatids from opposite poles  
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prophase   Centrioles move away from each other towards opposite sides of the cell, Nuclear membrane disintegrates,. chromatin form chromosomes, Longest phase  
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S phase   The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.  
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Spindle   A network of microtubules that forms during mitosis and moves chromatids to the poles.  
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telophase   A nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes decondense. Mitosis is complete  
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Created by: Christensent
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