anatomy and physiology visual system
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| Name the primary organs of vision | Eye
optic nerve
Chasm &tract cranial N. 2
thalamus of the brain
Primary visual cortex
Lateral geniculate nucleus, in the thalamus
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| Eye is long | myopia
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| Lens is clouding up | cataracts
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| Loss of lens elasticity | presbyopia
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| Poor drainage of aqueous humor by canal of schlemm | glaucoma
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| Eye is short | hyperopia
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| Irregular curvature of the lens or cornea | astigmatism
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| Symptom of myopia? | Objects appear blurry far away
Difficulty seeing close objects
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| symptom of cataracts? | Lens is clouding up
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| symptom of presbyopia? | Loss of lens elasticity
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| symptom of glaucoma? | Poor drainage of aqueous humor by canal of schlemm
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| symptom of hyperopia? | Eye is long,farsighted objects are blurry close up
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| symptom of astigmatism? | Irregular curvature of the lens or cornea
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| Secondary organs of vision | Extra-ocular eye muscles
Eyelids
conjunctiva,
lacrimal apperatus
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| Function of the retina | thin layer of tissue lines the back of the inside of the eye , it receives light that the lens has focused converts into neural signals and then sends these signals to the brain for visual recognition.
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| optic nerve function | Transfers visual information from the retina to vision centers of the brain, via electrical impulses.
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| optic nerve made up of? | ganglionic cells or nerve cells of over one million nerve fibers
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| Rods- type 1 of 2 types of photo receptors | *Night vision- light sensitive
*can fire in low light only once
* Best for peripheral vision
* peripheral has majority of rods.
* Only one type of rod.
+not at the back of eye
Front and side only
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| Cones- 2nd type of photo receptors | Day vision or color vision
Less sensitive to light
Best for central vision+very little at sides
3 types of cones:
red
blue
green cones
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| What is the visual reflex center called? | Superior colliculus
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| Where is there an increase in intra-ocular pressure? what is the pathology? describe | glaucoma
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| Where is the primary structure of vision located? | The visual reflex center -superior colliculi
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| accommodation reflex |
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| Where is the greater amount of cones located? | The macula lutea
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Created by:
antoinette keuler
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