This stack includes both terms/defs AND "target practice" with images.
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| DNA | molecule in the nucleus of a cell that contains instructions for how to make proteins (and how to run the cell) (DNA is the abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid)
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| code | information that has to be translated to find its meaning
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| double helix | a twisted spiral staircase…the shape of DNA
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| nitrogen bases (nucleotides) | molecules that make up the “steps” in the DNA “ladder;” there are four: adenine paired with thymine, and cytosine paired with guanine
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| triplet | a group of three nitrogen bases that are the code for a specific amino acid
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| gene | a sequence of triplets which all together are the code for one protein
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| mutation | a permanent change in a gene that causes a protein to be made incorrectly
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| chromosome | structure made of DNA in the cell nucleus that becomes visible when the cell divides, it contains hundreds or thousands of genes
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| genome | all the DNA in the nucleus of an organism’s cell(s)
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| genetics | the study of how traits are inherited
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| heredity | passing of traits from parents to offspring
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| trait | a characteristic that is caused by genes
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| allele | different versions of a gene that cause the variations of a trait
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| dominant | the form of a gene that covers up (dominates) the weaker form of the gene
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| recessive | the form of a gene that gets covered up if the dominant form of the gene is present
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| Punnett Square | a tool to predict possible offspring’s genes based on parents’ genes (invented by Reginald Punnett 50 years after Mendel’s studies)
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| homozygous | when both alleles in a pair are the same (both dominant or both recessive)
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| heterozygous | when the two alleles in a pair are different (one is dominant and one is recessive)
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| genotype | a pair of capital and/or lower case letters to represent an organism’s genetic makeup
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| phenotype | the physical trait that shows up because of an organism’s genotype
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| probability | a measurement of the chance (likelihood) of an event happening
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| independent | when the chance of one event happening does not affect the chance of another event happening
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Created by:
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