Science Finals study guide packet 1- 6th grade- 2015
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Earth's Tilt | 23 1/2 degrees- gives us the four seasons of the temperature zones- gives us the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
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| Aphelion | When the earth is furthest from the sun
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| Perihelion | When the earth is closest to the sun
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| Elliptical Orbit | When the orbit is shaped like an ellipse- A-symmetrical elliptical orbit
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| Earth's Revolution | When the earth goes around the sun- it takes 365.24 days- gives us the year
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| Earth's Rotation | The spinning of the earth on its axis- the rotation of the earth around the sun- it takes 24 hours- gives us night and day
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| Speed of Earth's Rotation | Approximately 1,000 MPH
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| Satellite | The moon is earth's natural satellite
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| The order of the inner and outer planets of the solar system | Mercury- Venus- Earth- Mars- Jupiter- Saturn- Uranus- Neptune
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| Light Year | The distance that light travels in one year
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| Proxima Centauri | The closest star to earth other than the sun
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| Milky Way | The Galaxy that the solar system is in (including earth)
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| Andromeda | The closest galaxy to earth ( besides the Milky Way)
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| Pangaea | The super continent that existed 150,000,000 years ago
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| Dates of Ice Ages | Harbor Hill Advance; 17,000 BP- Ronkonkoma Advance; 60,000 BP
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| BP | Before Present
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| Age of the earth | About 4.6 billion years old
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| How do you find protons, neutrons, and electrons using a periodic table? | Protons= same as the atomic number(in a balanced atom)
Neutrons= The atomic mass minus the atomic number
Electrons= same as the atomic number(in a balanced atom)
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| What is the mass and charge of the following particles: protons, electrons, neutrons? | Protons= mass:1, charge: positive
Electrons= mass:approximately 0, charge: negative
Neutrons= mass:1, charge: zero( neutral)
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| Atomic Nucleus | The nucleus of an atom- center of an atom- holds the most mass
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| Energy Levels | The shell of an atom- with electrons
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| Exothermic | A reaction or change that releases energy
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| Homogeneous Mixture | A mixture in which substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture- appears the same throughout- milk
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| Heterogeneous Mixture | A mixture in which substances are unevenly distributed throughout the mixture- does not appear the same throughout- oatmeal
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| Mixtures | Two or more substances that are mixed together but not chemically bonded together
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| Compound | A pure substance made of two or more elements that ARE chemically bonded together
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| Physical Properties | A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without. hanging it into another substance chemically
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| Chemical Properties | A characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into a different substance
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| Potential Energy | Energy that is stored
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| Kinetic Energy | The energy of movement
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| Grams | The SI Measurement for mass
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| Meters | The SI unit that measures the distance between two points
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| Liters | The SI unit for volume
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| SI Units | The International Standard of Metric measurements
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| Density | The amount of mass compared to its volume
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| Volume | The amount of space a object occupies
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| Element | A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means- the building blocks of matter( there are 118 of these)
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| Substance | Anything that contains only one pure type or material
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| Molecule | A particle made of two or more atoms bonded together
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| Evaporation | The process that occurs when vaporization takes place only on the surface of a liquid
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| Condensation | The change of state from a gas to a liquid
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| Precipitation | Water that falls to earth as rain, snow, hail or sleet
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| Freezing | At 0 degrees Celsius, liquid water changes into solid ice
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| Polarity | The hydrogen sides or water are positive and the oxygen side is negative
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| Polar bonds in Water molecules | The positive charges of the hydrogen atoms of water molecules make the bond between hydrogen and oxygen a polar bond
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| Formula of Water | H2O = 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen
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| Ground water | Water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers
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| Aquifers | An underground layer of permeable rock or sediment that holds water
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| Moraine | A large hill formed by glaciers
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| Out wash Plains | Landforms that hold large areas of ground water- The large sandy formations found downhill from moraines
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| Runoff | Water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground
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| Infiltration | When water enters the earth through the soil
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| Percolation | The process of water flowing between soil particles
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| Streambed | The bottom of a stream or river
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| Friction | The force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across another
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| Abrasion | The wearing away of rock due to grinding action
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| Turbulence | Water that flows in every direction
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| Slope | The angle of incline that the water flows down due to gravity
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| Meanders | The snake like bends (curves) formed in a river from banks being eroded
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| Erosion | The process of removing weathered rock and sediment
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| Deposition | The process that lays down sediment
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| Mass Movement | Landslides, Mudflows, and Creep, are all processes of mass movement
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| Gravity | A force that moves rocks and other materials downhill
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| Sediment | The material made of small pieces or rock and the remains of living things
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| Valley Glacier | A glacier found between mountains at high elevations
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| Continental Glacier | A glacier that covers much of a continent or large island
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| Creep | The very slow movement or sediment downhill
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| Hemisphere | One half of the sphere that makes up earth's surface
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| Prime Meridian | An imaginary line that divides the earth into eastern and western hemispheres
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| Equator | An imaginary line that divides the earth into northern and southern hemispheres
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| Degrees | Measures distance around the earth
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| Map | A flat model of all or part of earth's surface
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| Scale | Used to compare distance on a map or globe to distance on earth's surface
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| Symbols | On a map, pictures used by mapmaker so to stand for features on earth's surface
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| Landforms | A feature of topography formed by the processes that shape earth's surface
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| Topography | The shape of the land
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| Key | Describes symbols on a map
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| Elevation | Height above sea level
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| Contour Interval | The difference in elevation from one contour line to the next
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| Longitude lines | Imaginary lines that travel north and south describing position relative to the equator
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| Latitude lines | Imaginary lines that travel east and west describing position relative to the equator
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| Contour lines | Imaginary lines that show elevation
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| Index Contour | A contour line that is darker in color and is labeled with the elevation
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| Plateau | An elevated plain
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| Mountain | A large, rocky, highly elevated landform
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| Plain | A large, low, flat landform
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Created by:
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