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modern genetics

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Question
Answer
Mulitiple alleles   three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait  
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Sex chromosomes   they carry genes that determone whether a person is male or female. They also carry genes that deteremine other traits.  
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Male sex chromosome   Y  
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Female sex chromosome   X  
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Male   XY  
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Female   XX  
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Sex-linked genes   genes found on the X and Y chromosomes  
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Carrier   a person who has one recessive allele for a trait and on dominant allele. they do not have the trait  
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Genetic disorder   an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes  
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Pedigree   a chart of "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait  
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Karyotype   a picture of all the chromosomes in a cell  
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Selective breeding   the process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be parnets of the next generation  
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Inbreeding   involves crossing two individuals that have identical or similar sets of alleles  
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Hybridization   a selective bredding method in which two genetically different individuals are crossed  
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Clone   an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced  
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Genetic engineering   the transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another organism in order to produce an organism with desired traits  
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Gene therapy   the insertion of working copies of a gene into the cells of a person with a genetic disorder in an attempt to correct the disodrer  
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Genome   is all the DNA in one cell of an organim  
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What are three methods for developing organisms with desirable traits?   selective breeding, cloning, and genetic engineering  
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