Emergency Care & Transp. 10th Edition 2011 Jones & Bartlett
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| absorption | The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.
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| action | The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body.
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| activated charcoal | An oral medication that binds and adsorbs ingested toxins in the gastrointestinal tract for treatment of some poisonings and medication overdoses. Charcoal is ground into a very fine powder that provides the greatest possible surface area for binding medi
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| adsorption | The process of binding or sticking to a surface.
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| Aagonist | A medication that causes stimulation of receptors.
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| antagonist | A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications.
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| aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA) | A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping).
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| contraindications | Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate; for example, a condition in which a medication should not be given because it would not help or may actually harm a patient.
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| dose | The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient's size and age.
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| EMT-administered medication | When the EMT directly administers the medication to the patient.
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| enteral medications |
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| Medications that enter the body through the digestive system. |
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| epinephrine |
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| A substance produced by the body (commonly called adrenaline), and a drug produced by pharmaceutical companies that increases pulse rate and blood pressure; the drug of choice for an anaphylactic reaction. |
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| gel |
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| A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes. |
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| generic name |
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| The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of its "trade names"); the name is not capitalized. |
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| hypoglycemia |
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| A condition characterized by a low blood glucose level. |
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| indications |
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| The therapeutic uses for a specific medication. |
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| inhalation |
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| Breathing into the lungs; a medication delivery route. |
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| intended effect |
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| The effect that a medication is expected to have on the body. |
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| intramuscular (IM) injection |
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| An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route. |
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| intranasal (IN) |
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| A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the naris. |
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| intraosseous (IO) |
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| Into the bone; a medication delivery route. |
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| intravenous (IV) injection |
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| An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route. |
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| medication |
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| A chemical substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain. |
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| metered-dose inhaler (MDI) |
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| A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs. |
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| mucosal atomizer device (MAD) |
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| A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and push it into a nostril. |
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| nitroglycerin |
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| A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing arteries to dilate; you may be allowed to help the patient self-administer the medication. |
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| oral |
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| By mouth; a medication delivery route. |
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| oral glucose |
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| A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit. |
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| over-the-counter (OTC) medications |
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| Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription. |
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| oxygen |
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| A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without oxygen. |
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| parenteral medications |
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| Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes. |
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| patient-assisted medication |
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| When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication. |
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| peer-assisted medication |
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| When the EMT adminsters medication to him or herself or to a partner. |
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| per os (PO) |
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| Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral. |
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| per rectum (PR) |
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| Through the rectum; a medication delivery route. |
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| pharmacodynamics |
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| The process by which a medication works on the body. |
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| pharmacology |
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| The study of the properties and effects of medications. |
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| polypharmacy |
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| The simultaneous use of multiple medications by a patient as typically seen in elderly people. |
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| prescription medications |
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| Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician's order. |
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| side effects |
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| Any effects of a medication other than the desired ones. |
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| solution |
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| A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand. |
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| subcutaneous (SC) injection |
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| Injection into the tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route. |
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| sublingual (SL) |
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| Under the tongue; a medication delivery route. |
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| suspension |
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| A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve. |
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| topical medications |
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| Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route. |
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| trade name |
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| The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized. |
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| transcutaneous (transdermal) |
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| Through the skin; a medication delivery route. |
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| unintended effect |
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| Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient. |
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| untoward effects |
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| Actions that can be harmful to the patient |
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