DANB
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| Which structure would not be seen as a maxillary landmark on a panoramic film? | mental foramen
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| Which chemical agent in the developing solution rapidly develops the gray tones of the radiograph? | elon
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| How should the film be placed when exposing a mandibular occulsal radiograph? | white side up between the occulsal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth
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| Which situation will appear radiopaque on a radiograph? | cement base under a restoration
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| How would a completed root canal appear on processed radiographs? | radiopaque
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| Which pathologic condition would appear radiopague on a radiograph? | salivary stone
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| Which chemical(s) develop the silver halide crystals? | hydroquinone and elon
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| Which exposure error results in the herringbone effect? | film reversal
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| What is the purpose of risk management programs? | to reduce the chance of a malpractice suit
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| What technique should the dental assistant use on a patient with a gag reflex? | try to reduce tactile stimuli
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| Which type of exposure enables viewing of an area in three planes? | computed tomography
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| Which type of radiolucent lesion is characterized by a localized mass of granulation tissue around the apex of a nonvital tooth? | periapical granuloma
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| What is the result of white light leaks in the darkroom? | fogging of the film
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| With faster F-speed film, a single intraoral film results in a surface skin exposure of ____ miliroentgens. | 100
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| Which radiographic exposure is the film of choice for the extraoral examination of the upper or lower jaw? | panoramic
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| Which of the following could be a couase of a decreased film density when using anautomatic processor? | developer contamination
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| How does static electricity appear on a developed film? | black branching lines
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| Which of the following is an advantage of digital radiography? | Digital radiography eliminates the need for a darkroom and processing procedures
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| An overdeveloped film may be caused by which error? | excessive development time
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| How often should the soultions in an automatic processor be checked and replenished? | daily
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| The most important factor in obtaining quality panoramic radiographs is proper | patient positioning
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| What is the term for a supernumerary tooth that forms along the midline? | mesiodens
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| Quality control tests that should be applied to dental office radiology standards should include which procedure? | regular maintenance
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| In which two lengths are PIDs typically available? | 8 and 16 inches
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| Which is the correct sequence for processing x-ray film in an automatic processor? | develop rinse fix rinse dry
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| Exposing intraoral radiographs, when the patient's right is on your left, the identification dot on the film will be positioned where? | facing out and toward the incisal/occulsal
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| The basic elements of a quality administration plan should include which of the following? | description of the plan with assignment of duties
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| When using the bisecting technique, the imaginary angle that is bisected is formed between the long axis of the tooth and which structure? | long axis of the film
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| A film that has been fogged will show which result? | decreased contrast
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| In which exposure will the genial tubercle be seen? | mandibular central
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| What is the most common cause of poor defininition in a radiograph? | movement
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| In panoranmic radiography, the ______ rotates around the patient. | tubehead and film
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| When would tomography be used in dentistry? | scanning of the temporomandibular joint
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| What will occur when voltage is increased? | electrons move from the cathode to the anode with more speed
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| If the radiographic processing time is too short, how will the film appear? | light
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| What role do radiographs play in conprehensive patient care? | vital component to
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| Which radiographic exposure is the film of choice for the intraoral examination of large areas of the upper or lower jaw? | occlusal
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| Which term refers to the blurring that surrounds the edges of a radiographic image? | penumbra
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| What is the traditional statute of limitations for adult radiographs? | 10 years
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| How does the median palatien suture appear in a radiograph? | radiolucent
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| Which regressive alteration of tooth structure appears radiolucent and occurs within the crown or roots of a tooth? | internal resportion
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| In addition to the patient's name, what other information should be placed on the film mount? | date of exposure
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| Which radiograph shows the bony and soft tissue areas of the facial profile? | cephalometric
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| Which radiology item is replaced by a digital sensor? | intra oral dental film
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| Why would a devleoped film be clear? | failure to turn the X-ray machine on
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| Which of the following statements about automatic processors is not correct? | daylight loader is required
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| Safe light leaks in the darkroom can be checked by a coin test. How often should this be completed? | once a month
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| Which method is used to stabilize the film when exposuing an occlusal radiograph? | the patient gently bites on the surface of the film
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| who is responsible for the final and definitive interpretation of dental radiographs? | dentist
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| Which statement is not true about a bitewing radiograph? | The central ray of the x-ray beam is directed through the contacts of the teeth using a vertical angulation of +40 degrees
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| Increasing milliamperage alone results in a film with: | increased density
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| The dental radiographer should stand ___ degrees to the primary beam. | 90-135
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| The maximum permissable dose for nonoccupationaly exposed persons is ____ rem/year. | 0.1
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| Radiation injuries that are not seen in the person irradiated but that occur in future generations are termed: | genetic effects
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| Which of the following is used as a collimator? | lead plate
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| An organ that, if damages, diminishes the quality of an individual's live is termed a: | critical organ
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| Identify the kilovotage range for most dental x-rays machines: | 65-100kv
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| Indirect radiation injury occurs when: | x-ray phtons are absorbed and form toxins
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| The overall blackness or dearkness of a film is termed: | density
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| Which of the following statements is correct? | Long term effects are seen with small amounts of radiation absorbed in a long period.
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| Which of the following is true of film badges? | Film badges should be worn at waist level when exposing radiographs
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| Which of the following describes the use of a filter in a dental x-ray tubehead? | filters remove low energy x-rays
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| Which of the following is the recommended size of the beam at the patient's face? | 2.75 inches
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| Machines operating at 70 kVp or lower require ___ mm aluminum. | 1.5
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| Identify the milliamperage range for dental radiography: | 7-15 ma
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| Which of the following restricts the size and shape of the x-ray beam? | collimator
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| Which of the following is most susceptible to inoizing radiation? | small lymphocyte
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| Which of the following terms describes the dose of radiation that hte body can endure with little or no chance of injury? | maximum permissible dose
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| Radiation produced with high kilovoltage results in: | short wavelengths
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| Which of the following factors contributes to radiation injury? | total dose, dose rate, age
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| In dental radiography, the quantity of radiation produced is controlled by: | Both milliamperage and exposure time
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| The traditional unit for measuring x-ray exposure in air is termed: | the roentgen
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| What is the dose at which leukemia induction is most likely to occur? | 5000 mrads
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| Which of the following describes the function of filtration? | reduces low energy waves
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| The sensitivity of tissues to radiation is determined by: | Mitotic activity
Cell diffentiation
Cell metabolism
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| The amount of radiation exposure an individual receives varies depending on which of the following factors? | film speed, collimation, technique
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| In dental radiography, the quality of the x-ray beam is controlled by: | kilovoltage peak
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| If kilovoltage is decreased with no other variations in exposure factors, the resultant film will: | appear lighter
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| Identify the term that describes how dark and light areas are differentiated on a film: | contrast
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| The latent period in radiation bilogy is the time between: | exposure to x-radiation and clinical symptoms
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| Which of the following position indicating devices is most effective in reducing patient exposure? | rectangular pid
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| Which of the following traditional units does not have an SI equivalent? | the roentgen
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| A radiograph that has many light and dark areas with few shades of gray is said to have: | high contrast
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| Which of the following is not a component of inherent filtration? | a leaded cone
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| Increading milliamperage results in an increase in: | Temperature of the filament and number of x-rays produced
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| What is the greatest contributor to artificial radiation exposure? | medical radiation
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| Direct radiation injury occurs when: | x-ray photons hit critical targets within a cell
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| Machines operation above 70 kVp require ____ mm aluminum. | 2.5
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| Which of the following is the most effective method of reducing patient exposure to radiaiton? | fast films
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| A radiograph that has many light and dar areas with few shades of gray would be produced with: | low kilovoltage
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| Which of the following is used only for x-rays? | the rad
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| Identify the unit of measurement used to describe the amount of electric current flowing through the x-ray tube: | volt
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| Which of the following statements is incorrect? | x-radiation is not harmful to living tissues
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| A single intraoral radiograph (D-Speed film, 70 kVp, long PID) results in a mean surface exposure of: | 250 mR
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| Which of the following is considered radioresistant? | mature bone cells
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| A higher kilovoltage produces x-rays with: | Greater energy levels
shorter wavelengths
more penetrating ability
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| The maximum permissable dose for an occupationally exposed person is ___ rems/year. | 5
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| What is the average dose of background radiation received by an individual in the United States? | 150-300 mrads
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| The formula for the maximum accumulated dose is: | MAD= (N-18) x 0.05 Sv/year or MAD=(N-18) x 5 rems/year
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| A free radical: | is an uncharged molecule
has an unpaired electron in the outher shell
is highly reactive and unstable
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