Block 1 - Respiration
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| A barrel chest is often seen in patients with | COPD/Emphysema
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| People with COPD have a longer (prolonged) | Expiratory time
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| When someone with COPD breathes | They often breathe with pursed lips.
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| Accessory muscles are often required | To help with breathing when someone has COPD
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| A manifestation seen in the later stages of COPD is | Cor Pulmonale
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| A low grade temperature late in the afternoon is often experienced by people with | TB
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| Malaise, anorexia, and weight loss | is often experienced by people with TB
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| When a patient with TB coughs, he or she may be experiencing | Hemoptysis (advanced state)
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| A prominent headache is one sign of | The flu
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| Sneezing is often seen more with | A cold
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| The flu | Can produce extreme fatigue that can last 2-3 weeks
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| A cold | Will leave a person with a mild to moderate hacking cough
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| Muscle aches and pains are more extreme when a person is suffering from | The flu
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| There is obstruction of the bronchioles, impaired gas exchange, and increased exudate when a person has | Pneumonia
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| The flu | A person presents with a fever between 102 - 104 degrees that came on quickly and has lasted 3-4 days. These are symptoms of ...
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| Pneumonia | A person experiences tachycardia, tachypnea, pleural pain, and decreased breath sounds. Suspect possible
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| What is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs? | Ventilation
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| Diffusion = | Respiratory gas exchange that occurs at the alveolar, capillary level
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| Blood - CV system pumping the blood that has O2 & it pumps it to the tissues, then returns the deoxygenated blood to the lungs = | Perfusion
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| What helps to maintain the surface tension in the lungs? | Surfactant
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| Immunity | Our state of responsiveness to foreign substances is from our ...
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| When we are in balance we have | Homeostasis
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| Our first line of defense is | Innate (natural - native) immunity.
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| This type of immunity is present at birth ... | Innate
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| Innate immunity is not | Antigen specific
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| Our second line of defense is | Inflammation
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| Our third line of defense is | Adaptive (acquired) immunity
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| We build up antibodies to help fight with | Our third line of defense (adaptive - acquired - immunity)
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| Characteristics of the first line of defense includes | Sloughing off of cells, coughing and sneezing, flushing, vomiting, mucus & cilla
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| Skin, linings of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and respiratory tracts = | The first line of defense
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| First line of defense includes | Epithelial cell-derived chemical barriers
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| Synthesized & secreted saliva, tears, ear wax, sweat, and mucus | Are part of the first line of defense
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| These help the first line of defense | Antimicrobial peptides and normal bacterial flora
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| What is the first immune response to an injury? | Inflammation
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| Ways to help people learn to breathe with COPD | Pursed lip breathing : prolongs exhalation and prevents bronchiolar collapse and air trapping
Effective coughing
Aerosol nebulization therapy
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Block 1 Theory
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