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Theory -3rd test
Block 1 - Respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A barrel chest is often seen in patients with | COPD/Emphysema |
| People with COPD have a longer (prolonged) | Expiratory time |
| When someone with COPD breathes | They often breathe with pursed lips. |
| Accessory muscles are often required | To help with breathing when someone has COPD |
| A manifestation seen in the later stages of COPD is | Cor Pulmonale |
| A low grade temperature late in the afternoon is often experienced by people with | TB |
| Malaise, anorexia, and weight loss | is often experienced by people with TB |
| When a patient with TB coughs, he or she may be experiencing | Hemoptysis (advanced state) |
| A prominent headache is one sign of | The flu |
| Sneezing is often seen more with | A cold |
| The flu | Can produce extreme fatigue that can last 2-3 weeks |
| A cold | Will leave a person with a mild to moderate hacking cough |
| Muscle aches and pains are more extreme when a person is suffering from | The flu |
| There is obstruction of the bronchioles, impaired gas exchange, and increased exudate when a person has | Pneumonia |
| The flu | A person presents with a fever between 102 - 104 degrees that came on quickly and has lasted 3-4 days. These are symptoms of ... |
| Pneumonia | A person experiences tachycardia, tachypnea, pleural pain, and decreased breath sounds. Suspect possible |
| What is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs? | Ventilation |
| Diffusion = | Respiratory gas exchange that occurs at the alveolar, capillary level |
| Blood - CV system pumping the blood that has O2 & it pumps it to the tissues, then returns the deoxygenated blood to the lungs = | Perfusion |
| What helps to maintain the surface tension in the lungs? | Surfactant |
| Immunity | Our state of responsiveness to foreign substances is from our ... |
| When we are in balance we have | Homeostasis |
| Our first line of defense is | Innate (natural - native) immunity. |
| This type of immunity is present at birth ... | Innate |
| Innate immunity is not | Antigen specific |
| Our second line of defense is | Inflammation |
| Our third line of defense is | Adaptive (acquired) immunity |
| We build up antibodies to help fight with | Our third line of defense (adaptive - acquired - immunity) |
| Characteristics of the first line of defense includes | Sloughing off of cells, coughing and sneezing, flushing, vomiting, mucus & cilla |
| Skin, linings of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and respiratory tracts = | The first line of defense |
| First line of defense includes | Epithelial cell-derived chemical barriers |
| Synthesized & secreted saliva, tears, ear wax, sweat, and mucus | Are part of the first line of defense |
| These help the first line of defense | Antimicrobial peptides and normal bacterial flora |
| What is the first immune response to an injury? | Inflammation |
| Ways to help people learn to breathe with COPD | Pursed lip breathing : prolongs exhalation and prevents bronchiolar collapse and air trapping Effective coughing Aerosol nebulization therapy |
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Block 1 Theory
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