Emergency Care & Transp. 10th Edition 2011 Jones & Bartlett
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| cardiac tamponade (pericardial tamponade) | Compression of the heart as the result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output.
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| closed chest injury | An injury to the chest in which the skin is not broken, usually caused by blunt trauma.
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| commotio cordis | A blunt chest injury caused by a sudden, direct blow to the chest that occurs only during the critical portion of a person's heartbeat.
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| flail chest | A condition in which two or more ribs are fractured in two or more places or in association with a fracture of the sternum so that a segment of the chest wall is effectively detached from the rest of the thoracic cage.
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| flutter valve | A one-way valve that allows air to leave the chest cavity but not return; formed by taping three sides of an occlusive dressing to the chest wall, leaving the fourth side open as a valve.
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| hemopneumothorax | The accumulation of blood and air in the pleural space of the chest.
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| hemothorax | A collection of blood in the pleural cavity.
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| myocardial contusion | A bruise of the heart muscle.
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| occlusive dressing | A dressing made of Vaseline-impregnated gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic that protects a wound from air and bacteria.
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| open chest injury | An injury to the chest in which the chest wall itself is penetrated by a fractured rib or, more frequently, by an external object such as a bullet or knife.
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| open pneumothorax | An open or penetrating chest wall wound through which air passes during inspiration and expiration, creating a sucking sound; also referred to as a sucking chest wound.
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| paradoxical motion | The motion of the portion of the chest wall that is detached in a flail chest; the motion—in during inhalation, out during exhalation—is exactly the opposite of normal chest wall motion during breathing.
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| pericardium | The fibrous sac that surrounds the heart.
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| pneumothorax | A partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space.
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| pulmonary contusion | Injury or bruising of lung tissue that results in hemorrhage.
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| simple pneumothorax | Any pneumothorax that is free from significant physiologic changes and does not cause drastic changes in the vital signs of the patient.
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| spontaneous pneumothorax | A pneumothorax that occurs when a weak area on the lung ruptures in the absence of major injury, allowing air to leak into the pleural space.
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| sucking chest wound | An open or penetrating chest wall wound through which air passes during inspiration and expiration, creating a sucking sound. See also open pneumothorax.
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| tachypnea | Increased respiratory rate.
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| tension pneumothorax | A life-threatening collection of air within the pleural space; the volume and pressure have both collasped the involved lung and caused a shift of the mediastinal structures to the opposite side.
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| traumatic asphyxia | A pattern of injuries seen after a severe force is applied to the chest, forcing blood from the great vessels back into the head and neck.
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