MH ADDICTION 1
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| Withdrawal symptoms: begin 4-12 hours after sensation or market reduction. Course hand tremors,. Sweating. Elevated pulse.& BP. Insomnia. Anxiety. Nausea or vomiting. | Alcohol
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| transient hallucinations. Seizures. Delirium Usually peaks on day ___ Over in ____ days Withdrawal may last ? | Severe alcohol w/d
2--5 days
1--2 wks
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| Suppresses w/d symptoms | Lorazepam (Ativan)
Chloriazepoxide (Librium)
diazepam (Valium)
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| Clinical institute withdrawn assessment alcohol scale. ___ mild ___ moderate ____ severe | < 8
8--15
> 15
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| ____Receive medication based scores of the scale alone ____ receive additional doses depending on the level of scores from the scam | Symptom-triggered dosing.
Fixed dosed tapers
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| Initial: relaxation. Lost of inhibitions Intoxication: slurred speech. Unsteady gait. Let the coordination. Impaired attention. Concentration. Memory and judgment. May become aggressive. Inappropriate sex behavior. Blackout. | Alcohol
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| ____>>> Vomiting. Unconsciousness. Respiratory depression. This can lead to___ Alcohol induced___Can lead to cardiovascular shock & death | OD: Aspiration pneumonia/pulmonary obstruction
Hypotension
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| Gastric lavage. Or. Dialysis (___). Respiratory support and cardiovascular functioning in? | Alcohol OD treatment similar for any CNS depressant.
ICU
(Remove the drug)
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| What is contraindicated for alcohol OD treatment | Central nervous system stimulants
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| Barbiturates. Nion-barbiturate hypnotics. Anxiolytics esp benzodiazepines are all___? The facts, symptoms of intoxication, and withdrawal symptoms are similar to___ | Central nervous system depressants.
Alcohol
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| Prescribed dose is cause drowsy. Reduce anxiety. Intoxication slurred speech, lack of coordination, unsteady gait, labial mood, Impaired attention/memory, stupor and coma | Barbiturates. Non-barbiturate hypnotics. Anxiolytics esp benzodiazepines
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| Oral OD rarely fatal. Lethargic and confused. Tx : Gastric lavage followed by Pio of activated charcoal and Saline cathartic | Benzodiazepine
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| Lethal overdose. Coma. Respiratory arrest. Cardiac failure. Death TX. ICU. Lavage or dialysis. Respiratory support and cardiovascular function | Barbiturates
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| Onset of withdrawal depends___Of the drug | Half-life
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| Action last about 10 hours. Withdrawal symptoms and 6 to 8 hours | Lorazepam
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| May not produce symptoms for one week. | Diazepam
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| Autonomic hyperactivity: increased pulse, respirations and temperature), hand tremor, insomnia, anxiety, nausea, psychomotor agitation. Seizures and loosen nations only in severe withdrawal | Withdrawal syndrome from sedatives, hypnotics and anxiolytics
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| Detox managed medically by tapering to prevent coma and death | Barbiturates. Non-barbiturate hypnotics. Anxiolytics esp benzodiazepines
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| Excites the central nervous system. Limited clinical use ADHD. (Weight-loss/stay awake past use) Highly addictive Intense & immediate euphoria | Stimulant
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| Amphetamine. Methamphetamine Which is more dangerous? Made out of? | Stimulant
Meth
Liquid fertilizer
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| Intoxication: rapid high or euphoric feeling, Hyperactive, hypervigilance, talkative, anxious, grandiosity, hallucinations , stereotypic or repetitive behavior, anger, fighting, impaired judgment | Stimulant
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| Intoxication physiologic: Tecce cardio, elevated BP, dilated pupils, perspiration/chills, nausea, chest pain, confusion, cardiac dysrhythmias | Stimulant
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| Stimulant tx to control hallucinations, lower BP and relieve nausea | Antipsychotic
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
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| Withdrawal with in few hours to several days after stopping. Not life-threatening Primary symptom--marked dysphoria Fatigue, vivid and unpleasant dreams, insomnia or hypersomnia, increased appetite and psychomotor retardation or agitation | Stimulant
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| Marked withdrawal symptoms ___ Depressive going suicidal ideation for several days. Not treated pharmacologically | Crashing
Stimulants
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| Unapproved TX of glaucoma that lowers intraocular pressure. | Cannabis
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| Relieves N, V associated with cancer chemotherapy and anorexia and weight loss of aids. Approved for cancer chemo | Dronabinol (Marinol)
Nabilone (Cesamet)
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| Acts in less than one minute. Peaks in 20 to 30 minutes & last 2--3 hrs. Feeling similar to alcohol, lowered inhibitions, relaxation euphoria, increased appetite | Cannabis
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| Intoxication: impaired motor coordination, inappropriate laughter, impaired judgment and short-term memory, distortion of time and perception | Cannabis
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| Withdrawal symptoms anxiety, dysphoria, social withdrawal. Increased appetite, Conjunctival injection (bloodshot eyes), dry mouth, hypotension, tachycardia or | Cannabis
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| Excessive use: delirium rarely psychotic disorders | Cannabis
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| Withdrawal: muscle lakes, sweating, anxiety, tremors. No clinical withdrawal syndrome | Cannabis
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| Desensitize both physiologic and psychologic pain. Induce euphoria & well-being. | Opioids
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| Morphine, meperidine (Demerol), codeine, hydromorphone, oxycodone, methadone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, propoxyphene | Opioids
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| Illegal: heroin, normethadone | Opioids
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| Intoxication: initial euphoria, Apathy, what the Arctic, listless, impaired judgment, psychomotor retardation or agitation, constricted pupils, drowsing, slurred speech, impaired attention and memory. | Opioids
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| Severe intoxication or overdose: coma, respiratory depression, pupillary constriction, unconsciousness and death | Opioids
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| Opioid treatment How often tx to get to non toxic levels? | Naloxone (Narcac)
Every few hrs (can take days)
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| Withdrawal begins with stepping the drug or decrease in use. Initial symptoms: Anxiety restless, aching back and legs, craving for drug | Opioids
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| What's wrong progresses to: nausea, vomiting, dysphoria, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, sweating, diarrhea, yawning, fever, insomnia | Opioids
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| Do opioids require Pharmacologic intervention to support life or bodily function | No
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| Shorty Acting heroin withdrawal symptoms occur in_? Peak in_? Subside in_? | 6--24 hrs
2--3 days
5--7 days
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| Long acting methadone withdrawal symptoms for_? Subside and_? | 2--4 days
2 weeks
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| Heroin substitution___ Withdrawal symptoms: anxiety, insomnia, dysphoria, anhedonia, drug cravings can last for___? | Methadone. Weeks or months
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| Distorts perception of reality and produces symptoms similar to psychosis, hallucinations (usu Visual) the personalization, | Hallucinogens
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| Increase Pulse, blood pressure, and temperature; dilated pupils; hyperreflexia | Hallucinogens
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| Mescaline, psilocybin, lysergic acid diethyamide Designer drugs Ecstasy PCP (anesthetic) | Hallucinogen
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| Intoxication: maladaptive behavioral and psychological changes: anxiety, depression, paranoid, ideas of reference, fear of losing one's mind, dangerous behavior (believing you can fly and jumping out a window) | Hallucinogen
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| Intoxication symptoms (physiologic sees sweating, take care of you, palpitations, blurred vision, tremors, lac coordination | Hallucinogen
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| Intoxication: Belligerent, aggression, impulsive, unpredictable behaviors | PCP
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| Toxic reactions: primarily psychologic. Overdoses don't occur. Fatalities r/t accidents, aggression, suicide. (Except for PCP) | Hallucinogens
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| TX: supportive psychotic reaction: isolation from external stimuli; physical restraints (Safety of PT and others) | Hallucinogens
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| Toxicity seizures, hypertension, hyperthermia, respiratory depression | PCP
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| Meds to control seizures and beeping. Cooling device/hyperthermia blanket, mechanical ventilation/support respirations | PCP
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| No withdrawal syndrome. Crave drug. Flashbacks--transient recurrence of perceptual disturbance. Occur After all trace of drug is gone. Can persist for months up to f5 years | Hallucinogens
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| Anesthetic, nitrates, and organic solvents Most common ALIPHATIC and aromatic hydrocarbons in ____ | Inhalants.
Gasoline, glue, paint thinner, spray paint
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| Intoxication: dizzy, nystagmus, lack of coordination, slurred speech, unsteady gait, tremor, muscles, blurred vision. Stupor and coma | Inhalants
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| Belligerents, aggression, apathy, impaired judgment, inability to function | Inhalants
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| Acute toxicity: anorexia, respiratory depression, vagal stimulation, dysrhythmia. Death D/T bronchospasm, cardiac arrest, suffocation, aspiration | Inhalants
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| No withdrawal symptoms or detox. Psychologic cravings. May have persistent dementia. Psychosis, anxiety, mood disorders even when drug is ceased | Inhalants
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| Methadone | Heroin
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| Naltrexone (Trexan or ReVia) | Opiate
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| Blocks opiate withdrawal & S&S | Buprenorphine agonist
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| Disulfiram (Anabuse) | Alcohol
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| Calms glutamate receptors for alcohol | Acomprosate
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| Non-opioid suppressor of opiate withdraw symptom | Clonidine (Catapres) alpha antagonist
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