Evolution Part 2 (Still wondering...)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| To what amount do the relative gene pool frequencies always add? | 100%
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| What type of selection is represented if every baby born weighed less than 5 pounds and more than 10 pounds? | disruptive selection
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| What can vary becasue each has a unique number and sequence of amino acids? | proteins
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| Which type of genetic drift occurs from smaller groups inhabiting a new habitat? | Founder effect
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| Name the three parts of a DNA nucleotide | nitrogen bases, phosphate groups, deoxyribose
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| Which part of the cell contains coded instructions for making proteins | nucleus
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| What are the building blocks of RNA molecules? | nucleotide
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| When Mendel crosssed true-breeding tall with true-breeding short, why were all of the offspring tall? | dominance
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| According to Darwin's theory of evolution, those that survive are what? | fit
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| What are the two sources of genetic variation? | mutations,crossing over (gene shuffle)
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| Which type of cell contains a nucleus? |
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| What does natural selection affect? | traits
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| What is the separation of populations by a physical barrier caled? | geographic isolation
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| What is the final step in the formation of a new species | reproductive isolation
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| What is it called when alleles change by chance? | genetic drift
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| What was the driving force behind teh evolution of the Galapagos finches? | available food
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| how does a lethal recessive allele remain in a population? | heterozygotes
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| Which organelle is found in plants but not animal cells? | chloroplast
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| If a new trait such as skin color is introduced into a population, what determines whether that trait remains? | whether it increases fitness
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| According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, organisms must survive and? |
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| If an organism's diploid number is 10, what is its haploid number? | 5
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| If you cross the following, how many different phenotypes will be found in the offspring: RrYY X RrYy | D/d. r/d
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| Two tall heterozygotes produce a short offspring. Whic of Mendel's laws explains how this happens? | dominance & segregation
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| Where are proteins assembled | Ribosomes
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| Why does a virus need a host to survive | can't reproduce on its own
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| What is the most common cause of gentic variation? | mutations
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| What is the most important characteristic of a population that will ensure its survival during episodic speciation? | biodiversity
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| Identify the mRNA prduced from the following DNA: GACTTGAC | CUGAACUG
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| Identify the replicated DNA that results from the following DNA strand: GACTTGAC | GACTTGAC
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| Which two scientists were the main contributors to evolution? | Charles Darwin, and Gregor Mendel
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| How are polygenic traits shown? | in a bell curve
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| How are single gene traits shown | on a bar graph
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| All of the alleles in a population is called a what? | gene pool
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| What is relative frequency of an allele | # of times you see an allele
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| What is a mutation? | change in DNA
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| What is gene shuffling? | crossing over
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| What is a polygenic trait? | controlled by many genes
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| What are the three types of polygenic selection | Directional, disruptive, stabilizing
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| What is directional selection? | individuals at one end have higher fitness, curve shifts to one end
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| What is diruptive selection? | individuals at both ends of the graph
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| What is stabiliaing selectiong | Individuals with fitness are in the middle of the graph.
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| What is genetic drift? | Random change in allele frequencies
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| What are the causes of genetic drift? | founder effect and individuals having more descendants
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| What is the bottleneck |
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| How does a population bottleneck occur? | founder effect human hunting to near extinction
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| What is the hardy-weinberg Principle? | genetic equilibrium without the influence of evolution
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| What are three conditions required to maintain genetic equilibrium | large population, random mating, no mutations
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| What is genetic equilibrium? | when allele frequencies are kept constant
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| What is speciateion | evolution of a new species from a single ancestor
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| What is a species? | a group of similar organisms structurally and biochemically
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| Organism from the same species | can intrebreed successfully in nature
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| What is divergent evolution | isolated species evolve independently
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| What is convergent evolution | similar environment-similar adaptation
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| Whjat woud have the least effect on natural selection in a subspecies of giraffes that is geographically isolated form other subpecies of giraffes | chromosome number because it is not a factor that influences natural selection
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| What is mass extinction | a sharp decrease in number of species in a short times
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| What is biodiversity | variety and abundance of a species in a community
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| Biodiversity ensures species survival |
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