Digestive System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Levels of body organization from smallest to largest | cell, tissue, organ, body system
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| smooth muscle contractions that push food through digestive system | peristalsis
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| where do proteins begin digestion? | stomach (know where this is on a picture)
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| what ENZYME that digests protein in the stomach? | pepsin
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| which CHEMICAL helps pepsin in the stomach? | hydrochloric acid (HCl)
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| pepsin + hydrocloric acid (HCl) are called _________. | gastric juices
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| what substances do pass through cell membranes? | water and sugar
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| What substances do NOT pass through cell membranes? | starch does not and that is why it has to be broken down by amylase
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| Enzyme in saliva (found in the mouth) turns starch into sugar | amylase
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| when a substance moves from an area of high concentration to low concentration | Diffusion, also called passive transport (remember like a tea bag in hot water)
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| ring of muscle that opens and closes to allow food to go from one organ to another in the digestive system | sphincter
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| flap of tissue that covers windpipe when you swallow | epiglottis
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| Where does extra water move back into the bloodstream? | Large intestine absorbs water back into your cells.
*know where this is on a picture
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| Diarrhea will happen if peristalsis is happening too quickly in this organ? | large intestine because it would not have time to absorb water
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| Which organ 1. digest fat (mechanically and chemically) 2. absorbs nutrients 3. where most chemical digestion takes place? | small intestine *know where this is on a picture
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| where is waste stored? | rectum *know where this is on a picture
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| which organ has no know function? | appendix *know where this is on a picture
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| what substance protects and "coats" the digestive organs? | mucus
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| list organs of digestive tract in order | mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
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| chewed up food mixed with saliva and before it is swallowed is called _______________. | a bolus
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| what indicator is used to test for starch? | lugols solution
postive-black/purple
negative-orange/brown
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| what indicator is used to test for sugar? | benedicts solution
positive-any color change (red, orange, yellow, green)
Negative-stays blue
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| What are ulcers? | holes in the STOMACH lining because there is not enough mucus to protect the stomach from acidic content
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| the tearing, grinding, or mixing of food in the digestive tract. example- TEETH chewing | mechanical digestion
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| the breaking down of food in the digestive tract by gastric juices or enzymes | chemical digestion
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| Why are starches important? example of carbohydrates | main source of fuel for your body cells. rice and grains
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| thick, creamy liquid of partially digest food in the STOMACH | chyme
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| What kind of digestion happens in the stomach? | both mechanical (muscle churning) and chemical (gastric juices)
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| substance that breaks down fat droplets mechanically | bile
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| takes ENERGY (ATP) to move nutrients through the cell membrane | active transport
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| folds of small intestine have tiny projections called | villi (remember ticket model we made)
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| helps prevent constipation | fiber (grains, fruit) and water
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| supplies pancreatic juice | pancreas *know where this is on a picture
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| receives bile and pancreatic juice | duodenum (first part of SMALL INTESTINE) *know where this is on a picture
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| produces bile | liver *know where this is on a picture
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| stores bile | gall bladder
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| a balanced plate needs... | protein, fruit, vegetable, dairy, and starch (carbohydrate)
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