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Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Levels of body organization from smallest to largest | cell, tissue, organ, body system |
| smooth muscle contractions that push food through digestive system | peristalsis |
| where do proteins begin digestion? | stomach (know where this is on a picture) |
| what ENZYME that digests protein in the stomach? | pepsin |
| which CHEMICAL helps pepsin in the stomach? | hydrochloric acid (HCl) |
| pepsin + hydrocloric acid (HCl) are called _________. | gastric juices |
| what substances do pass through cell membranes? | water and sugar |
| What substances do NOT pass through cell membranes? | starch does not and that is why it has to be broken down by amylase |
| Enzyme in saliva (found in the mouth) turns starch into sugar | amylase |
| when a substance moves from an area of high concentration to low concentration | Diffusion, also called passive transport (remember like a tea bag in hot water) |
| ring of muscle that opens and closes to allow food to go from one organ to another in the digestive system | sphincter |
| flap of tissue that covers windpipe when you swallow | epiglottis |
| Where does extra water move back into the bloodstream? | Large intestine absorbs water back into your cells. *know where this is on a picture |
| Diarrhea will happen if peristalsis is happening too quickly in this organ? | large intestine because it would not have time to absorb water |
| Which organ 1. digest fat (mechanically and chemically) 2. absorbs nutrients 3. where most chemical digestion takes place? | small intestine *know where this is on a picture |
| where is waste stored? | rectum *know where this is on a picture |
| which organ has no know function? | appendix *know where this is on a picture |
| what substance protects and "coats" the digestive organs? | mucus |
| list organs of digestive tract in order | mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum |
| chewed up food mixed with saliva and before it is swallowed is called _______________. | a bolus |
| what indicator is used to test for starch? | lugols solution postive-black/purple negative-orange/brown |
| what indicator is used to test for sugar? | benedicts solution positive-any color change (red, orange, yellow, green) Negative-stays blue |
| What are ulcers? | holes in the STOMACH lining because there is not enough mucus to protect the stomach from acidic content |
| the tearing, grinding, or mixing of food in the digestive tract. example- TEETH chewing | mechanical digestion |
| the breaking down of food in the digestive tract by gastric juices or enzymes | chemical digestion |
| Why are starches important? example of carbohydrates | main source of fuel for your body cells. rice and grains |
| thick, creamy liquid of partially digest food in the STOMACH | chyme |
| What kind of digestion happens in the stomach? | both mechanical (muscle churning) and chemical (gastric juices) |
| substance that breaks down fat droplets mechanically | bile |
| takes ENERGY (ATP) to move nutrients through the cell membrane | active transport |
| folds of small intestine have tiny projections called | villi (remember ticket model we made) |
| helps prevent constipation | fiber (grains, fruit) and water |
| supplies pancreatic juice | pancreas *know where this is on a picture |
| receives bile and pancreatic juice | duodenum (first part of SMALL INTESTINE) *know where this is on a picture |
| produces bile | liver *know where this is on a picture |
| stores bile | gall bladder |
| a balanced plate needs... | protein, fruit, vegetable, dairy, and starch (carbohydrate) |
Created by:
solgarcia
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