Chapter 9-12
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| Motivation | desire
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| Emotion | conscious (cognitive)
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| Instinct Theory | Inborn, genetic
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| Drive-reduction Theory | drive
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| Arousal Theory | arousal
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| Incentive Theory | pull
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| Cognitive Theory | think
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| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | lower motives must be met before higher ones
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| Physiological | bodily arousal
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| Cognitive | one's thoughts
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| Behavioral | nonverbally/facial expressions
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| James-Lange Theory | emotion follows our bodily arousal
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| Cannon-Bard Theory | simultaneously
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| Two-factor Theory | cognitive labeling
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| Stress | stressors
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| Catastrophes | unpredictable wars, natural disasters, famines
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| Significant life changes | getting married or giving birth
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| Daily hassles | little things
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| General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) | Body's adaptive response
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| Psychoneuroimmunology | immune system
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| Type A | competitive
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| Type B | easy-going
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| Human Flourishing | problem-focused coping (changing the stressor) , emotion-focused coping (attending to emotional needs), personal control (controlling our environment) (coping with stress)
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| External LOC | outside personal control
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| Internal LOC | control our own fate
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| Personality | characteristic pattern
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| Psychoanalytic Perspective | unconscious
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| Sigmund Freud | four key concepts
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| Levels of consciousness | Awareness or consciousness
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| Humanistic Perspective | Feeling/thoughts
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| Trait Perspective | personality
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| Social-Cognitive Perspective | social context
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| Personality Structure | mental structure
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| Psychosexual Stages | childhood stages
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| Defense Mechanism | reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality
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| Freud | psychoanalytic
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| Adler and Horney | psychodynamic
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| Allport, Eysenck, McCrae | trait
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| Bandura | social-cognitive
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| Oedipal Complex | hatred for the rival father
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| Psychodynamic Perspective | childhood experiences
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| Fixation | psychosexual stage
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| The Big 5 Personality Factors | Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
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| Social Psychology | influence
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| Fundamental Attribution Error | analyzing another's behavior
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| Attitude | feelings
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| Foot-In-The-Door Phenomenon | small request
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| Role | social position
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| Cognitive Dissonance Theory | Dissonance and cognitions
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| Conformity | adjusting our behavior
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| Prejudice | attitude toward a group (attitude)
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| Stereotype | belief about a group of people
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| Discrimination | negative behavior toward a group (behavior)
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| Just-World Phenomenon | tendency to believe that the world is just
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| Scapegoat Theory | an outlet of anger
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| Other-Race Effect | recalls faces of one's own race
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| Aggression | harm someone
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| Social Script | culturally modeled guide
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| Attraction's 3 Major Factors | proximity, physical attractiveness, similarity
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| Self-Disclosure | intimate aspects
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| Altruism | unselfish concern
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| Bystander Effect | bystander
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| Conflict | incompatibility of actions
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| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | Self-transcendence Needs ( 6th level)
Self-actualization Needs (5th level)
Esteem Needs (4th level)
Belongingness and Love Needs (3rd level)
Safety Needs (2nd level
Physiological Needs (1st level)
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| The Five Major Theories Theorist | Freud, Adler & Horney, Rogers & Maslow, Allport, Eysenck, and McCrae, and Bandura
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| Humanistic | Rogers and Maslow
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