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Psychology
Chapter 9-12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Motivation | desire |
| Emotion | conscious (cognitive) |
| Instinct Theory | Inborn, genetic |
| Drive-reduction Theory | drive |
| Arousal Theory | arousal |
| Incentive Theory | pull |
| Cognitive Theory | think |
| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | lower motives must be met before higher ones |
| Physiological | bodily arousal |
| Cognitive | one's thoughts |
| Behavioral | nonverbally/facial expressions |
| James-Lange Theory | emotion follows our bodily arousal |
| Cannon-Bard Theory | simultaneously |
| Two-factor Theory | cognitive labeling |
| Stress | stressors |
| Catastrophes | unpredictable wars, natural disasters, famines |
| Significant life changes | getting married or giving birth |
| Daily hassles | little things |
| General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) | Body's adaptive response |
| Psychoneuroimmunology | immune system |
| Type A | competitive |
| Type B | easy-going |
| Human Flourishing | problem-focused coping (changing the stressor) , emotion-focused coping (attending to emotional needs), personal control (controlling our environment) (coping with stress) |
| External LOC | outside personal control |
| Internal LOC | control our own fate |
| Personality | characteristic pattern |
| Psychoanalytic Perspective | unconscious |
| Sigmund Freud | four key concepts |
| Levels of consciousness | Awareness or consciousness |
| Humanistic Perspective | Feeling/thoughts |
| Trait Perspective | personality |
| Social-Cognitive Perspective | social context |
| Personality Structure | mental structure |
| Psychosexual Stages | childhood stages |
| Defense Mechanism | reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality |
| Freud | psychoanalytic |
| Adler and Horney | psychodynamic |
| Allport, Eysenck, McCrae | trait |
| Bandura | social-cognitive |
| Oedipal Complex | hatred for the rival father |
| Psychodynamic Perspective | childhood experiences |
| Fixation | psychosexual stage |
| The Big 5 Personality Factors | Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism |
| Social Psychology | influence |
| Fundamental Attribution Error | analyzing another's behavior |
| Attitude | feelings |
| Foot-In-The-Door Phenomenon | small request |
| Role | social position |
| Cognitive Dissonance Theory | Dissonance and cognitions |
| Conformity | adjusting our behavior |
| Prejudice | attitude toward a group (attitude) |
| Stereotype | belief about a group of people |
| Discrimination | negative behavior toward a group (behavior) |
| Just-World Phenomenon | tendency to believe that the world is just |
| Scapegoat Theory | an outlet of anger |
| Other-Race Effect | recalls faces of one's own race |
| Aggression | harm someone |
| Social Script | culturally modeled guide |
| Attraction's 3 Major Factors | proximity, physical attractiveness, similarity |
| Self-Disclosure | intimate aspects |
| Altruism | unselfish concern |
| Bystander Effect | bystander |
| Conflict | incompatibility of actions |
| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | Self-transcendence Needs ( 6th level) Self-actualization Needs (5th level) Esteem Needs (4th level) Belongingness and Love Needs (3rd level) Safety Needs (2nd level Physiological Needs (1st level) |
| The Five Major Theories Theorist | Freud, Adler & Horney, Rogers & Maslow, Allport, Eysenck, and McCrae, and Bandura |
| Humanistic | Rogers and Maslow |
Created by:
Bearlover
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