Mitosis, Meiosis & Reproduction
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| unicellular | a one celled organism
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| multicellular | many celled organism
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| prokaryote | cell that has no nucleus; ex. bacteria
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| eukaryote | cell that has a nucleus
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| DNA | molecule that contains the genetic information; contains instructions for growth, development & activities
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| chromosomes | chromatins compact into visible structures in early stages of cell division
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| cell cycle | life cycle of a eukaryotic cell, there are three parts: interphase, mitosis & cytokinesis
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| interphase | part of the cell cycle where the cell is not dividing, cell spends most of the time in this stage
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| mitosis | in eukaryotes, part of the cell cycle where the nucleus divided; 4 stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase & telophase
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| cytokinesis | division of the parent cell's cytoplasm, now there are two cells
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| meiosis | type of cell division that produces haploid cells such as egg cells & sperm cells
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| homologous chromosomes | pairs of chromosomes that have the same structure and size
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| asexual reproduction | one organism produces one or more new organisms that are identical to itself
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| sexual reproduction | two parents contribute a sex cell to the new organisms; half from mom & half from dad so offspring are not identical to either parent
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| fertilization | a sperm cell and an egg cell joined together
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| binary fission | asexual: reproduction in prokaryotes where the parent splits in two, producing two new cells which are genetically identical to the parent
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| budding | asexual: organism develops a tiny bud on its body which grows to a full-sized organism that is genetically identical to the parent
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| cell | smallest unit that can perform all life processes
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| sex cell | a male produces sperm cells and a female produces egg cells
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| spore | asexual: specialized cells that can survive in harsh conditions; carried by the wind; both prokaryote & eukaryotes can form spores
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| vegetative reproduction | asexually: through mitosis new plants grow from roots, stems & leaves; runners are above ground stems, tubers are underground stem and plantlets are tiny plants that grow around the edges of a plant's leaves.
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| zygote | name for the new cell formed when the egg cell is fertilized by the sperm cell
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| prophase 1 | stage in meiosis where crossing over occurs to create genetic variety
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| diploid | two complete sets of chromosomes; known as somatic cells;2n
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| haploid | single set of chromosomes;sex cells; n
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| chromatid | half of a replicated chromosome
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| centriole | organelle involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division
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| gametes | reproductive cells such as egg and sperm cells; sex cells
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| daughter cells | cells that result from cell division
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| somatic cell | all body cells
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| regeneration | asexual: organism capable of regrowing certain body parts
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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