Unit 6 - Genetics
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| trait | a characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring through the genes
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| allele | One or more alternate forms of a gene
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| amino acid | The subunit of a protein
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| anticodon | Three bases on a tRNA molecule that match up with the codons
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| biotechnology | the process of choosing a few organisms with desirable traits to serve as the parents of the next generation
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| chromosome | Compact structure of tightly coiled DNA within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next.
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| clone | an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced
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| cloning | The creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another
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| codon | A unit in messenger RNA consisting of a set of three consecutive nucleotides that specifies a particular amino acid in protein synthesis
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| DNA | A nucleic acid molecule in the form double helix that is the major component of chromosomes and carries genetic information
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| dominant | A trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it
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| electrophoresis | A process in which fragments of DNA are sorted by size. Used to determine relatedness among organisms
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| expressed | a set of technologies that humans use to alter the genetic instructions of an organism by substituting DNA molecules
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| gene | a segment of DNA (on a chromosome) that contains the code for a specific trait
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| gene | Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait
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| genetic engineering | Process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms.
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| genetic recombination | the formation of a new combination of genes during sexual reproduction
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| genotype | Genetic make up of an organism; the genome
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| heredity | the passing of traits from parent to offspring
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| heterozygous | Refers to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait.
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| homozygous | Refers to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait.
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| hybrid | The offspring produced by crossing two individuals with different traits
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| mutation | Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information. Leads to genetic variation.
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| nucleotide | Building Block of a nucleic acid. Composed of a sugar, phosphate and a base
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| phenotype | Physical characteristics of an organism; the part of genetics that is seen
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| recessive | Describes an allele that is not expressed in heterozygous individuals. Must have two recessive alleles in order for the gene to be expressed
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| recombinant DNA | Molecule formed when fragments of DNA from two or more different organisms are spliced together.
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| replicate | to copy the pattern for a new molecule
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| RNA – Ribonucleic Acid | A nucleic acid composed of a long
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| sex-linked gene | Gene located on the X chromosome. Males tend to inherit sex-linked traits
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| sexual reproduction | a method of reproduction that involves two parents producing offspring that are genetically different from either parent
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| subunit | the section of a DNA molecule that contains a sugar
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| template | any alteration in the sequence of DNA
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| transcription | Process in which a portion of DNA (a gene) is copied into complementary RNA (mRNA)
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| translation | Decoding of mRNA into a polypeptide chain. Occurs at the ribosome
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To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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