Ch. 8 anatomy
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| Appendicular skeleton | 126 bones
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| pectoral girdle | 4 bones
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| upper limb | 60 bones
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| pelvic girdle | 2 bones
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| lower limb | 60 bones
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| (pectoral Girdle) Clavicle | S-shaped
*acromial end(lateral)___sternal end(medial)
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| fact of clavicle | fractures are fairly commone b/c they are small and fragile
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| (pectoral girdle) Scapulae | triangle shaped
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| pectoral girdle Glenoid cavity | where humerus articulates with the scapula
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| (pectoral girdle) acrimion | where the clavicle articulates with the clavicle
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| Humerus | Head articulates with scapula at glenoid cavity
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| epicondyles | processes that develop proximal to articulation
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| condyle | where the humerus articulates with the radius and ulna and is divided into trochlea (medial part) region...joins with ulna and capitulum (lateral part) region....joins with radius
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| ulna | medial to radius, olecranan is superior end of ulna (where joins radius)
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| distal radioulnar joint | where the lateral surface of the ulnar head articulates with the radius
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| aticular disc | piece of cartilage that articulates with carpals
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| radius | lateral bone of the forearm
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| radial head | articulates w/ humerus(at the capitulum)
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| styloid process | articulates with the wrist on the distal end
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| carpals | 8 bones of wrist *2 rows of four
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| 1st row of wrist (proximal carpal bones) | triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid, pisiform
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| 2nd row of wrist (distal carpal bones) | hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium
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| metacarpals | articulate with 4 distal carpals - proximal, articulate with proximal phalange - distal (5)
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| phalange | 14 each hand
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| first finger | POLLEX (thumb), has 2 phalanges
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| fingers 2-5 | each other finger has 3 phalanges: proximal, middle, distal
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| pelvic girdle | 2 coxal bones
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| formed by fusion of 3 parts | 1. ilium, 2. ischium, 3. pubis
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| pubis | joined in the anterior, called pubic symphysis by median fibrous cartilage pad
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| acetabulum | socket for femur to fit
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| sacroiliac join | auricular surface of the ilium articulates with the auricular surface of the sacrum
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| Pelvis - differences | 1. female smoother & lighter 2. female has less-prominent markings 3. greater angles and curvatures for childbearing reasons in females
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| femur | strongest, heaviest, & longest bone in the body
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| femoral head | fits into the acetabulum of pelvis on the proximal end
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| medial and lateral condyle | articulate with tibia on the distal end
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| patella | large sesamoid bone (enclosed w/in the tendon of the quadricep femoris
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| tibia | largest bone of lower leg and located medially on lower leg, articulates w. the femur on the proximal surface
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| medial malleolus | part of tibia that sticks out on the lower medial part of tibia
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| fibula | smaller par tof lower leg bone, located laterally on lower leg, does not artuculate with femur
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| lateral malleolus | knot found on lateral part of lower leg
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| tarsals | 7 bones in ankle
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| talus | transmits weight from the tibia to the toes
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| calcaneus | heel bone, largest of tarsals, site of attachment for achilles tendon
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| cuboid | ant. to calcaneus
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| navicular | ant. to talus
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| cuneiform bones | medial, intermediate, lateral
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| metatarsals | 5
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| phalanges | toeas are same as hand
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| longitudinal arch | calcaneus to metatarsals
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| transeverse arch | medial to lateral borders of foot
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| male differneces. | heaviers & rougher, weight: heavier, pelvis under 90, cranium 10% L, pelvis narrow
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| female differences | ligher & smoother, lighter, greater than 100D, cranium 10% S, pelvis broader
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Created by:
britlee14
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