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Ch. 8 Anatomy
Ch. 8 anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Appendicular skeleton | 126 bones |
| pectoral girdle | 4 bones |
| upper limb | 60 bones |
| pelvic girdle | 2 bones |
| lower limb | 60 bones |
| (pectoral Girdle) Clavicle | S-shaped *acromial end(lateral)___sternal end(medial) |
| fact of clavicle | fractures are fairly commone b/c they are small and fragile |
| (pectoral girdle) Scapulae | triangle shaped |
| pectoral girdle Glenoid cavity | where humerus articulates with the scapula |
| (pectoral girdle) acrimion | where the clavicle articulates with the clavicle |
| Humerus | Head articulates with scapula at glenoid cavity |
| epicondyles | processes that develop proximal to articulation |
| condyle | where the humerus articulates with the radius and ulna and is divided into trochlea (medial part) region...joins with ulna and capitulum (lateral part) region....joins with radius |
| ulna | medial to radius, olecranan is superior end of ulna (where joins radius) |
| distal radioulnar joint | where the lateral surface of the ulnar head articulates with the radius |
| aticular disc | piece of cartilage that articulates with carpals |
| radius | lateral bone of the forearm |
| radial head | articulates w/ humerus(at the capitulum) |
| styloid process | articulates with the wrist on the distal end |
| carpals | 8 bones of wrist *2 rows of four |
| 1st row of wrist (proximal carpal bones) | triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid, pisiform |
| 2nd row of wrist (distal carpal bones) | hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium |
| metacarpals | articulate with 4 distal carpals - proximal, articulate with proximal phalange - distal (5) |
| phalange | 14 each hand |
| first finger | POLLEX (thumb), has 2 phalanges |
| fingers 2-5 | each other finger has 3 phalanges: proximal, middle, distal |
| pelvic girdle | 2 coxal bones |
| formed by fusion of 3 parts | 1. ilium, 2. ischium, 3. pubis |
| pubis | joined in the anterior, called pubic symphysis by median fibrous cartilage pad |
| acetabulum | socket for femur to fit |
| sacroiliac join | auricular surface of the ilium articulates with the auricular surface of the sacrum |
| Pelvis - differences | 1. female smoother & lighter 2. female has less-prominent markings 3. greater angles and curvatures for childbearing reasons in females |
| femur | strongest, heaviest, & longest bone in the body |
| femoral head | fits into the acetabulum of pelvis on the proximal end |
| medial and lateral condyle | articulate with tibia on the distal end |
| patella | large sesamoid bone (enclosed w/in the tendon of the quadricep femoris |
| tibia | largest bone of lower leg and located medially on lower leg, articulates w. the femur on the proximal surface |
| medial malleolus | part of tibia that sticks out on the lower medial part of tibia |
| fibula | smaller par tof lower leg bone, located laterally on lower leg, does not artuculate with femur |
| lateral malleolus | knot found on lateral part of lower leg |
| tarsals | 7 bones in ankle |
| talus | transmits weight from the tibia to the toes |
| calcaneus | heel bone, largest of tarsals, site of attachment for achilles tendon |
| cuboid | ant. to calcaneus |
| navicular | ant. to talus |
| cuneiform bones | medial, intermediate, lateral |
| metatarsals | 5 |
| phalanges | toeas are same as hand |
| longitudinal arch | calcaneus to metatarsals |
| transeverse arch | medial to lateral borders of foot |
| male differneces. | heaviers & rougher, weight: heavier, pelvis under 90, cranium 10% L, pelvis narrow |
| female differences | ligher & smoother, lighter, greater than 100D, cranium 10% S, pelvis broader |
Created by:
britlee14
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