Phyla Porifera, Cnidaria & Ctenophora Test
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| How do sponges obtain food? | filtering small organisms from the water
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| What are sponges? | organisms with no tissues, simplest of all animals, and contain cells called choanocytes
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| What are spicules? | spicules are hard needles in the wall of a sponge
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| What is the outer most tissue layer of a cnidarian? | ectoderm
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| What type of symmetry do sponges have? | asymmetry
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| How do sponges reproduce? | budding, a break-up of original parent into fragments, and sexually with sperm and egg
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| Where does digestion in Cnidarians begin? | gastrovascular cavity
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| Sponges and cnidarians remove wastes through: | diffusion
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| Which organism is at the bottom of the phylogenetic tree: Sponges, Cnidarians or Ctenophores? | sponges
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| These cells in cnidarians are responsible for paralyzing prey: | cnidocytes
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| What is a gastrovascular cavity? | digestive cavity with one opening
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| What are hermaphrodites? | produce both eggs and sperm
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| Adult sponges have this characteristic: | have body walls with many pores
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| In sponges, currents are created by these cells: | choanocytes
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| Water leaves a sponge through this opening: | osculum
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| Sponges are harvested because of this middle layer that contains: | a protein called spongin which holds water and releases it when squeezed.
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| What is one characteristic of a sea anemone? | polyp
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| What is the name of the cells that carry nutrients to the entire body of a sponge? | amoebocytes
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| What is the other name for ctenophores? | comb jellies
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| What type of specialized cells is in ctenophores? | collarblasts
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| What does the ectoderm become as the cnidarians develop? | skin and nervous system
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| What is the name of the harpoons that contain venom in cnidarians? | nematocytes
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| What is the tube-shaped body form in some cnidarians? | polyp
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| These cnidarians provide shelter for many kinds of animals: | sea anemone
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| A Portuguese man of war is an example of: | hydrozoan colony
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| These organisms are sessile as an adult: | sponge, sea anemone, sea whip
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| What is the jellylike substance between the endoderm and ectoderm of a jellyfish called? | mesoglea
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| Do cnidarians and sponges have true tissues? | No
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| Which phyla display bioluminescence? | ctenophora
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| Which phyla can sting? | cnidarians
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| Are cnidarians, sponges and ctenophores simple animals with none having an organ level of cellular organization? | Yes
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| What is planktonic? Which animals are recognized as planktonic carnivores? | floating organisms; jelly fish
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| Which phyla has a skeleton made of tiny, hard particles of calcium carbonate? | Porifera (sponges)
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| Which phylum defends itself by not tasting and smelling very good to larger predators? | ctenophora
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| What phyla does order physalia belong to? | cnidarians
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| Which phyla has bottom dwelling organisms that have branched tentacles and look more like sea slugs? | ctenophora
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| Which phyla has tiny pores that allow water to enter: | porifera
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| Which phyla has both a medusa and polyp stage: | cnidarians
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| Which phyla has a skeleton made of silica? | porifera
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| Be able to describe 3 differences and 3 similarities between Phyla Porifera, Cnidaria and Ctenophora. | (see Venn diagram)
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