Biology-Circulation and Respiration Chapter 10 Section 4
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| It functions to supply the body with oxygen and to rid it of excess carbon dioxide. | respiratory system
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| The Primary organ of your respiratory system are your two ______, large, spongy organs located inside the thoracic cavity on opposite sides of your heart. | lungs
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| The process of breathing -inhaling and exhaling air- and gas exchange is called ______ ________. | external respiration
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| The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood cells and the tissue cells is called _________ _________. | internal respiration
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| Within the cells themselves the process of releasing energy from food takes place. This process required oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. | cellular respiration
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| When we breathe, air enters the nose and passes into the pharynx. This air is warmed, moistened, and filtered as it passes through the nasal cavity and circulated through the _____ _______ the irregular shaped pockets, or air spaces, in the nasal cavity. | nasal meatuses
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| The _____ is the opening of the trachea; the flap of tissue which covers the opening of the trachea is called the epiglottis. | glottis
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| The glottis is the opening of the trachea; the flap of tissue which covers the opening of the trachea is called the ________. | epiglottis
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| Inside the boxlike larynx are two folds of elastic tissue called _______ ________. | vocal cords
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| The trachea divides into two branches, the ______, when it enters the thoracic cavity. | bronchi
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| Each branch of the trachea is called a __________, and one bronchus enters each lung. | bronchus
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| As each bronchus enters a lung, it divides into many branches called _________ ________. | bronchial tubes
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| The bronchial tubes branch many times to form still smaller tubes called __________. | bronchioles
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| The smallest bronchioles ends in small saclike structures called _______. | alveoli
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| The lining of the bronchial tubes can be irritated by infection or by smoking. The inflammation of this lining is called _________. | bronchitis
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| Severe bronchitis can lead to __________, a bacterial or viral infection of the linings in the lungs which cause the lungs to secrete large quantities of fluid. | pneumonia
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| ________ ________ is an allergic condition characterized by spasms of the bronchial tube muscles, which cause the tubes to suddenly constrict, making breathing difficult. | Bronchial asthma
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| A double membrane called the _________ _______ lines the inside of the rib cage, providing lubrication to prevent friction between the ribs and the delicate surface of the lungs. | pleural membrane
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| Sometimes the pleura becomes inflamed, a painful condition known as _______. | pleurisy
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| The thoracic cavity is an airtight chamber, but has a movable floor called the _______, which is a thick sheet of muscle that separated the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. | diaphragm
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| Speech originates in the throat, inside a delicately designed organ called the ______ or "voice box", a special enlargement of the trachea. | larynx
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| Several _______ _________ act together to move the vocal cords in an open-closed movement. | laryngeal muscles
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| the ribs and breastbone | the intercostal muscles
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| The action of inhaling or breathing in. | inhalation
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| The process or action of exhaling. | exhalation
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| When you inhale and exhale as much as you can, that volume is called the _______ ________. | vital capacity
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| The normal amount of air in your lungs is called the ________ ________. | tidal volume
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| The most common respiratory disease of all is undoubtedly the ________ ______. | common cold
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| Another common threat to the respiratory system is the disease known as ________, or "the flu." | influenza
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| _______ is caused by a slow-growing bacterium that infects the lungs. | tubeculosis
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| ________ is a progressive deterioration of the alveoli caused by malfunctioning enzymes; it can result from genetic causes, chronic bronchitis, and continuous exposure to smoke or other irritants. | Emphysema
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| _____ _____ is one of the most common hereditary diseases in the United States. | Cystic fibrosis
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| abbreviation for Cystic fibrosis | (CF)
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| The most devastating respiratory disease is ________ ________, the uncontrolled growth of abnormal lung cells. | lung cancer
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