Chemistry of Living Things
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| biochemistry | The chemistry of living things. The study of the molecules that are necessary for life.
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| cell | The smallest unit of an organism. Also known as the "building blocks of life".
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| tissue | Made up of a group of similar cells working together. Ex: bone cells create bone tissue, and nerve cells create nerve tissue.
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| organ | Made up of a group of different tissues working together. Ex: The heart is made up of nerve, blood, and muscle tissue.
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| organ system / body system | Made up of a group of organs working together. Ex: The digestive system includes the stomach, the small intestine, and the large intestine.
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| organism | A living thing.
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| simple molecule | Is made up of 2 or more atoms held together by bonds. Example: CO2, NaCl, O2, H2
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| complex molecules | Molecules that contain hundreds or even thousands of atoms joined together in long, winding chains. Ex: DNA
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| simple sugar | A sugar, such as glucose that can not be broken down any further.
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| glucose | A simple sugar that provides energy to living things. Written by the chemical formula C6H12O6.
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| amino acids | The building blocks of proteins. Made up of C, H, O, and N.
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| protein | A complex molecule that is essential for life. Made up of amino acids.
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| nutrients | The components in food that living things need to survive and grow. Ex: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
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| DNA - nucleic acids | The genetic make-up of all organisms, also known as the "blueprint of life". Made up of complex molecules called nucleic acids.
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| enzyme | A substance made by living things that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction in the body.
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| chemical energy | Energy released by a chemical reaction.
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| regulation | All of the body systems working together to make sure that the temperature, pH, O2 levels, etc. are balanced to keep an organism alive and healthy. (internal balance)
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| organelle | A structure in the cell that performs a specific function (job)..
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| mitochondria | "Powerhouse" of the cell. This is where cellular respiration happens.
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| chloroplast | Organelle found in plant cells. This is where photosynthesis happens.
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| photosynthesis | The process that plants go through to create glucose and oxygen. (C6H12O6 + 6O2)
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| cellular respiration | The process that all cells go through to create ATP energy.
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