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Biochemistry Part 1
Chemistry of Living Things
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| biochemistry | The chemistry of living things. The study of the molecules that are necessary for life. |
| cell | The smallest unit of an organism. Also known as the "building blocks of life". |
| tissue | Made up of a group of similar cells working together. Ex: bone cells create bone tissue, and nerve cells create nerve tissue. |
| organ | Made up of a group of different tissues working together. Ex: The heart is made up of nerve, blood, and muscle tissue. |
| organ system / body system | Made up of a group of organs working together. Ex: The digestive system includes the stomach, the small intestine, and the large intestine. |
| organism | A living thing. |
| simple molecule | Is made up of 2 or more atoms held together by bonds. Example: CO2, NaCl, O2, H2 |
| complex molecules | Molecules that contain hundreds or even thousands of atoms joined together in long, winding chains. Ex: DNA |
| simple sugar | A sugar, such as glucose that can not be broken down any further. |
| glucose | A simple sugar that provides energy to living things. Written by the chemical formula C6H12O6. |
| amino acids | The building blocks of proteins. Made up of C, H, O, and N. |
| protein | A complex molecule that is essential for life. Made up of amino acids. |
| nutrients | The components in food that living things need to survive and grow. Ex: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. |
| DNA - nucleic acids | The genetic make-up of all organisms, also known as the "blueprint of life". Made up of complex molecules called nucleic acids. |
| enzyme | A substance made by living things that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction in the body. |
| chemical energy | Energy released by a chemical reaction. |
| regulation | All of the body systems working together to make sure that the temperature, pH, O2 levels, etc. are balanced to keep an organism alive and healthy. (internal balance) |
| organelle | A structure in the cell that performs a specific function (job).. |
| mitochondria | "Powerhouse" of the cell. This is where cellular respiration happens. |
| chloroplast | Organelle found in plant cells. This is where photosynthesis happens. |
| photosynthesis | The process that plants go through to create glucose and oxygen. (C6H12O6 + 6O2) |
| cellular respiration | The process that all cells go through to create ATP energy. |
Created by:
kjoseph
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