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Biochemistry Part 1

Chemistry of Living Things

QuestionAnswer
biochemistry The chemistry of living things. The study of the molecules that are necessary for life.
cell The smallest unit of an organism. Also known as the "building blocks of life".
tissue Made up of a group of similar cells working together. Ex: bone cells create bone tissue, and nerve cells create nerve tissue.
organ Made up of a group of different tissues working together. Ex: The heart is made up of nerve, blood, and muscle tissue.
organ system / body system Made up of a group of organs working together. Ex: The digestive system includes the stomach, the small intestine, and the large intestine.
organism A living thing.
simple molecule Is made up of 2 or more atoms held together by bonds. Example: CO2, NaCl, O2, H2
complex molecules Molecules that contain hundreds or even thousands of atoms joined together in long, winding chains. Ex: DNA
simple sugar A sugar, such as glucose that can not be broken down any further.
glucose A simple sugar that provides energy to living things. Written by the chemical formula C6H12O6.
amino acids The building blocks of proteins. Made up of C, H, O, and N.
protein A complex molecule that is essential for life. Made up of amino acids.
nutrients The components in food that living things need to survive and grow. Ex: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
DNA - nucleic acids The genetic make-up of all organisms, also known as the "blueprint of life". Made up of complex molecules called nucleic acids.
enzyme A substance made by living things that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction in the body.
chemical energy Energy released by a chemical reaction.
regulation All of the body systems working together to make sure that the temperature, pH, O2 levels, etc. are balanced to keep an organism alive and healthy. (internal balance)
organelle A structure in the cell that performs a specific function (job)..
mitochondria "Powerhouse" of the cell. This is where cellular respiration happens.
chloroplast Organelle found in plant cells. This is where photosynthesis happens.
photosynthesis The process that plants go through to create glucose and oxygen. (C6H12O6 + 6O2)
cellular respiration The process that all cells go through to create ATP energy.
Created by: kjoseph
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