Oxygen Therapy
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| Hypoxemia | Decrease of O2 in the blood (arteries)
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| Cyanosis | Bluish color to tips, fingers, and toes from low O2 in blood' increase of CO2.
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| Nasal Cannula benefits | appropriate for all PT; PT can talk, eat, and don't feel they are sufficating
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| Pros and cons of Mask | pros: Can start a 6L
Cons: PT can't talk, feel they are sufficating,
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| Non-rebreather | 80-100%; fills up when inhale; never fully collapses on exhale; MOST EFFECTIVE
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| SS Hypoxemia | decreased LOC, anxiety, apprehension, fatigue, vertigo, Tachycardi and bradycardia if not corrected, respirations increase if not corrected shallow and slowed, B/P elevated then decreased if not corrected, cardiac dysrhythmias, pallor, cyanosis, clubbing
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| pallor | reduction in O2 in skin caused by illness or emotional shock;
loss of color; decrease in melanocytes in skin
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| External respiration | change between lungs and air we breathe
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| internal respiration | cellular exchange between cells
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| clubbing | most commonly in heart or lung disorder; fingernails become round and swollen from decreased O2
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| cyanosis S/S | Pallor; dark skinned individuals may have a grayish color; do to excessive concentration of CO2 in blood
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| Precautions in Oxygen therapy | Fire, smoking, electrical equipment, drying of tissue, oxygen toxicity, wool blankets, secure portable O2 cylinder; oral hygiene every 3-4 hours; cotten balls around ears if NC
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| Oxygen does not burn, but it... | supports combustion; "feeds the fire"
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| Nasal cannula | 4-6Liters; USUALLY 2L; semi-fowler's position; put in water and blow out at 6L/min to ensure patent; higher rate reduces respiratory rate; easily dislodged
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| Mask | 24-55% @ 3-7 Liters;
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| Simple mask | low to med concentrations > 5L per min
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| Partial Rebreather | 60-80% concentrations; when you inhale it fills up and collapses when exhales
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| COPD Patient | Body is used to lower levels of O2 and higher level CO2 so giving too much can knock out hypoxia drive
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| normal level of O2 | 85-100%
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| PT over 80 normal level O2 | possibly 75%+
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| Venturi | Consistent FiO2 (fraction of inspired O2) delivered; different colored tubing
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| face tent | mostly for pediatric patients
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| goal for O2 Admin | improve or maintain systemic oxygenation
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| Patient education | Reason for treatment, safety issues, activity restrictions, stop smoking, home care
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| is oxygen considered medication | YES; but if PT is totally deSat, do it
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| as we give O2... | Patient symptoms should reverse
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| Complications | dryness of mucus membranes, if skin cracks it gives way for infection
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