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Infection control and hygiene Unit 3

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Term
Definition
Hygiene   The science of health and its maintenance  
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AM care   Ambulatory care  
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Normal flora (resident flora)   Microorganisms that normally reside on the skin, mucous membranes, and inside the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts  
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Nonspecific defences   Bodily defences that protect a person against all microorganisms, regardless of prior exposure  
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Specific defences   Ways the body defends itself from microorganisms, mostly involving the immune system, which responds to foreign proteins in the body  
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Pathogen   A microorganism with the potential to cause disease  
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Infection   The disease process produced by microorganisms  
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Health care-associated infections   Infections associated with the delivery of health care services in a health care facility, including hospitals, long-term or continuing care facilities, community care, home care, health care professionals' offices, or test centres  
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Asepsis   Freedom from infection or infectious material  
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Local Infection   An infection that is limited to the specific part of the body where the microorganism remain  
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Systemic infection   An infection that affects the body as a whole  
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Direct contact transmission   Immediate and direct transfer of microorganisms from person to person through touching, biting, kissing, or sexual intercourse, that is body surface to body surface  
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Indirect contact transmission   Passive transfer (indirect, droplets) of microorganisms from reservoir (carrier) to an object (door knob, taps...etc) in the client's immediate environment and then to the recipient (risk of passing illness when individual comes into contact with object.  
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Enamel   The white, compact, hard substance covering the crown of the tooth  
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Dental caries   Tooth decay  
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Plaque   An invisible soft film consisting of bacteria, molecules of saliva, and remnants of epithelial cells and leukocytes that adhere to the enamel surface of teeth  
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Gingivitis   Red, swollen gingiva (gums)  
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