MMBio DNA
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Genetics | science of heredity and variation
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| gamete cells | sex cells
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| P generation | parents used in a cross
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| F1 generation | kids of parent generation
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| F2 generation | grandkids of parent generation, kids of F1
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| Purebred | homozygous for a certain trait
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| Hybrid | kids with parents of different genotypes
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| Gene | section of DNA encoding a protein or functional RNA
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| Allele | variant of the gene encoding trait
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| diploid | two copies of each gene
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| haploid | one allele of each gene
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| law of segregation | equal and independent segregation of alleles occurs during formation of gametes (meiosis)
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| law of independent assortment | different genes assort into gametes independent of one another (one gene does not affect where another goes, random alignment on metaphase plate)
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| incomplete dominance | intermediate between dominant and recessive traits (not red or white but pink)
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| codominance | have both traits present (blood type AB)
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| linked genes | alleles for two different genes assort together (genes on one chromosome)
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| cytology | study of cells
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| cytogenetics | study of chromosomes and cells and their roles in heredity
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| Phenotype | trait expressed physically
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| Genotype | alleles contained in an organism (the code)
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| dominant | allele always expressed when present
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| recessive | allele only expressed when the genotype is homozygous recessive
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| heterozygous | two different alleles for one gene
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| homozygous | two identical alleles per gene
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| unlinked genes | genes on different chromosomes
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| crossing over | reciprocal change of genes between chromosomes that happens in prophase I of meiosis
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| meiotic recombination | same as crossing over, can be used to map genes
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| DNase, RNase, protease | what they used to figure out what was genetic material with bacteriophages and such
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| enzyme | protein catalyst that facilitates the different catabolic and anabolic reactions
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| mutation | changes in DNA sequence, alters proteins which causes a change in phenotype or a disease, increases genetic variability
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| genetic disease | a disease that is connected to a problem in the DNA
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| Autosomal vs. X-linked disease | x linked disease is a problem on an x sex chromosome, while an autosomal is based on a problem in a autosomal chromosome
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Created by:
ksheehy96
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