Genetics Unit
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Heredity | The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.
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| Genetics | The genetic properties or features of an organism
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| Dominant trait | A trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it
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| Recessive trait | A trait that must be contributed by both parents in order to appear in the offspring
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| Gene | A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring
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| Allele | One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
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| Phenotype | The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
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| Homozygous | A pair of matching alleles
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| Heterozygous | A pair of genes where one is dominant and one is recessive
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| Punnet square | A diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment
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| Incomplete dominance | A genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele
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| Codominance | A relationship between two versions of a gene
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| Polygenic inheritance | Multiple variations of a gene
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| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes
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| Nucleotide | A compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA
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| Replication | The action of copying or reproducing something
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| RNA | Ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA
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| Transcription | The action or process of transcribing something
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| Translation | The process of moving something from one place to another
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| Mutation | The changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA
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Created by:
Curtis2013
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