Semester One Review for Forensics Science
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| What are the three fundamental principles of fingerprints? | show 🗑
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| show | Latent are invisible, plastic found in putty, dust, soft stuff, and visible (leaves blood, oil, etc…. on a surface with fingerprint.
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| What type of fingerprint would be left on skin? | show 🗑
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| What are the three general classes and their subclasses for fingerprints? | show 🗑
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| Which class is the most common fingerprint? | show 🗑
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| show | Dusting and lifting
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| show | Superglue fuming
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| show | Sweat, oils, and amino acids
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| Is there a limit to the amount of time a fingerprint may last? | show 🗑
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| How many characteristics are sufficient to meet criteria of individuality? | show 🗑
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| What is AFIS? | show 🗑
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| show | Silica and oxides
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| What are physical characteristics or properties of glass? | show 🗑
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| Calculate the density of a piece of glass with a mass of 25g and a volume of 10mL. | show 🗑
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| What are the 6 types of glass and what is each used for? | show 🗑
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| Which glass type has the highest density? | show 🗑
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| show | In a rigid container-like a box.
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| show | Sinks = density is greater than 1 g/mL
Floats = density is less than 1 g/mL
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| What type of evidence is glass? | show 🗑
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| show | Used for refractive index. Drop the glass into liquids with different refractive indexes and when it is invisible, it matches the refractive index of that liquid.
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| show | Radial fractures extend outward from the point of impact like the spokes of a wheel. Concentric fractures are circular.
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| show | The hole on the exit side is wider.
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| Which form first: radial fractures or concentric fractures? Explain why. | show 🗑
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| Compared to where the force came from, which side of the glass do radial and concentric cracks form on? Explain. | show 🗑
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| How can you determine if a shot was perpendicular to a window, from the right, or from the left? | show 🗑
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| show | High speed impacts produce fewer concentric fractures.
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| show | Glass projected backwards and might be found on the suspect.
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| show | Tempered and laminated both are heat treated and they break into small cubelike fractures: safety.
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| show | Has 2 layers of thick glass and often a plastic layer inbetween.
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| Describe five different ways to distinguish between different pieces of glass evidence? | show 🗑
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| show | Different types of glass separated, labeled, and put in separate rigid containers like a box.
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| show | Assist those injured, isolate and protect the scene, detain witnesses
A crime scene investigator is in charge of finding and collecting the evidence.
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| If a crime scene investigator takes photos of a crime scene, should he also take notes or make a sketch. Why or why not? | show 🗑
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| show | Eyewitness testimony, also called prima facie.
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| What is indirect evidence? | show 🗑
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| show | So that we have a representative sample. Hairs from same head can have structural differences.
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| If a victim had dyed their hair and the dyed part was 2 cm from the root, how long had it been since the victim dyed their hair. | show 🗑
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| show | Where evidence can be located that will help to explain the events of the crime. Primary is where crime occurs. Secondary would be another location like a body dump.
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| What is the first step that an officer takes when approaching a crime scene? | show 🗑
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| In addition to videotape, sketches may be helpful at a crime scene. Why? | show 🗑
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| show | Controls are samples taken from suspects or victims used to compare to the unknown evidence at a crime scene.
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| show | So there is a record of where and who has touched the evidence. Without this, the evidence might not be admitted in court.
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| show | It can be either depending on the circumstances and type of evidence found.
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| show | If it is human or animal.
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| What is the outer layer of the hair shaft? Describe it. | show 🗑
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| What is the middle layer of the hair shaft? Describe it. | show 🗑
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| show | The cortex. It contains melanin(color pigments) and gives the hair its shape.
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| Generally, a human hair can be distinguished from an animal hair by examining what part? | show 🗑
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| show | Medulla index of <1/3______, Continuous, absent, fragmented.
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| Hair found at a crime scene is most likely to be in what phase of growth? | show 🗑
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| Nuclear DNA can be identified from what part of the hair? What does nuclear DNA show that can be used in court? | show 🗑
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| show | Dyed - Cuticle and cortex will have color.
Bleached - No color or a yellow tint.
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| What remains the hair’s most characteristic forensic feature? | show 🗑
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| show | The tip.
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| The cortex gives the hair its ______. The granules in the cortex are called ______and determine ______. | show 🗑
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| show | Intermittent, fragmented, continuous, absent, and stacked.
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| show | What is it for human hair?_<1/3
For animals_>1/2__
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| What is the main purpose for examining a hair found at the crime scene? | show 🗑
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| What is the approximate growth rate for hair per month? | show 🗑
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| What kind of DNA is in the hair shaft and what information does this give you? | show 🗑
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| What is Forensic Science? | show 🗑
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| show | ATF, DEA, FBI,US POSTAL SERVICE, US FISH AND WILDLIFE.
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| In Daubert vs. Dow, what must scientific evidence have in order to be admissible in Court? | show 🗑
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| show | __1923 Frye vs. US________
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| show | No more than 1 year in jail.
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| What is testimonial evidence? | show 🗑
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| The reliability of eyewitness accounts depends on what factors? | show 🗑
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| What is physical evidence? Give examples. | show 🗑
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| show | It cannot link a suspect to a crime with certainty but can exonerate individuals.
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| show | Rights for suspects.
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| show | Felony
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| Define means, motive, and opportunity. | show 🗑
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| What is Locard’s exchange principle? | show 🗑
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| show | Scale, map, all evidence with distance measurements and reference points, legend.
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| What are the 3 classes of natural fibers. Name 5 natural fibers. | show 🗑
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| What are synthetic fibers made of? Name 6 synthetic fibers. | show 🗑
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| show | Microscope, burning, thermal decomposition, chemical tests, density, refractive index, and fluorescence.
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| show | Usually collected in paper bags, labeled, and have chain of custody.
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| show | Use tweezers or tape to lift fibers.
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| show | Class. Fibers are too common to be individual.
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